After a long 5 years since the last major version, RHEL 8 is available. It has numerous improvements for the sector where it competes. First of all, we have a general update of all the basic components of the system. For example, we will find a new version of the OpenSSL and TLS security protocols or Yum. As well as the Linux kernel, libraries, and compilers.

RHEL 8 is available: Some features

For developers

In this new version, Red Hat has wanted to give developers many tools with the inclusion of three pre-enabled repositories that will further simplify the development experience. First, there is the BaseOS repository with all the basic packages for the system to work. Next, we have the AppStream repository where other packages will be hosted in order to extend the functionality of the distribution as runtime languages, databases, or web servers. Finally, there is the CodeReady Builder repository with extra development libraries in addition to other tools.

Introducing Universal Base Image

Without a doubt, this is one of the most important novelties of this new version of RHEL. With the aim of improving the deployment of applications, RHEL 8 allows containers based and built with this distribution, can be reused on any platform. So this ensures uniformity when deploying these containers. Of course, it is necessary for the platform to comply with the OCI standard. But without a doubt, this is a gigantic advance in this aspect. Behind this, of course, is Kubernetes.

For more information about UBI, we recommend you visit the RHEL website.

Ansible closer than ever

RHEL 8 is available and with it incorporates even more integration with Ansible. Making it even part of the system roes. This minimizes human error when using Ansible. In addition, it is a step forward in the automation of processes performed by devops on servers and network infrastructure.

RHEL 8 is the last version before the IBM era

This release is very important for all the news it brings, but also because it is the last one in which Red Hat has full decision-making power. From now on, it remains to be seen what will become of the future of distribution. Remember that IBM acquired Red Hat for 34 Billion.

At that time we emphasized that the parties wanted to come together to create something great. In other words, they want to completely dominate the business sector and take it to other technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT). So, it is to be hoped that this version will be a starting point for all the plans that both companies have for all of us.

Remember that RHEL 8 is not free and for a free and quite reliable solution, we will have to wait for CentOS 8.

For more and better information, it’s a good idea to check the release notes.

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Bareos is a fairly reliable, robust and secure tool for backing up and protecting data on our operating system. In addition, it is a 100% open source fork of the backup project from Bacula. The code is released under the aGPL license which guarantees flexibility for working with the code. Code that is available in GitHub.

So, let us start.

1. Upgrade the system

First, you need to upgrade the whole system. Just run these commands on the terminal:

:~$ su
:~# yum update

After that, you will have a more secure system thanks to the new security patches newly installed.

2. Install MariaDB

Bareos for its operation requires a database manager like MariaDB. So the next step is to install MariaDB.

:~# yum install mariadb-server

After that, enable and start the MariaDB service.

:~# systemctl enable mariadb
:~# systemctl start mariadb

So, that’s it for now.

3. Install Bareos on CentOS 7

Now it is your turn to install Bareos. For this, we will use the dedicated Bareos repository for CentOS. This is the safest and easiest way to install Bareos. Since we can always count on the latest stable version of the program. It also simplifies installation times.

:~# yum install wget
:~# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/bareos.repo http://download.bareos.org/bareos/release/latest/CentOS_7/bareos.repo

After that, install it. You also need to install the MariaDB / MySQL connector. On the other hand, you can choose between MariaDB or PostgreSQL.

:~# yum install bareos bareos-database-mysql

4. Prepare Bareos database

The next step is to set up the Bareos database. In the installation files, Bareos has a series of databases ready for use. Let’s go for it.

:~# /usr/lib/bareos/scripts/create_bareos_database
:~# /usr/lib/bareos/scripts/make_bareos_tables
:~# /usr/lib/bareos/scripts/grant_bareos_privileges

Bareos uses the ports 9101 and 9103. So, you have to open the ports.

:~# firewall-cmd --add-port=9101/tcp --permanent
:~# firewall-cmd --add-port=9103/tcp --permanent
:~# firewall-cmd --reload

Next, start Bareos services.

:~# systemctl start bareos-dir
:~# systemctl start bareos-sd
:~# systemctl start bareos-fd

Next, start it with bconsole:

:~# bconsole

5. Install Bareos WebUI

In order to make the use of Bareos simpler, you need to install your web interface. To do this you need to install apache web server and PHP. So, let’s do it.

:~# yum install httpd php php-cli php-common

Remember to create a rule for apache in the firewall.

:~# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
:~# firewall-cmd --reload

Finally, enable the services:

:~# systemctl enable httpd
:~# systemctl start httpd

After that, install bareos web ui.

:~# yum install bareos-webui

Then, create a new file to access web UI.

:~# nano /etc/bareos/bareos-dir.d/console/admin.conf

And add the following:

# Restricted console used by bareos-webui
Console {
Name = admin
Password = “admin”
Profile = “webui-admin”
}

You can set the name and password you want.

Next, restart the service.

:~# systemctl restart bareos-dir
:~# systemctl restart bareos-sd
:~# systemctl restart bareos-fd

Finally, open the web browser and go to http://SERVER_IP/bareos-webui.

Log in and start to use it.

Conclusion

Bareos is a great application to backup data on a CentOS 7 server. For this, only a little time and some application commands are required.

Please share this article with your friends.

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Ubuntu: WT…!?!?!?!?!?!?

Well, I’ve been in the same situation before. I’m in need of a certain package that’s only available as an RPM package my internet connection is off! Or, I’m just being a lazy Slowpoke, too damn LAZY to search for the equivalent Ubuntu package (well, anything as the excuse of installing RPM on Ubuntu)!

Of course, as Ubuntu is the most popular and user-friendly Linux distro of all, it has almost all the Linux packages available. Sometimes, you may find yourself in such a situation when you need an RPM package to work on your Ubuntu/Debian system. Or, you’re feeling too venturous and willing to install an RPM package into your system!

It’s quite possible to perform the action. However, don’t be a Slowpoke like me to look for the Debian/Ubuntu equivalent package of the RPM file. RPMs are designed to work on distros that use RPM, for example, Fedora, OpenSUSE, CentOS, and RHEL etc.

Let’s check out on installing RPM on Ubuntu.

Note – The following techniques don’t guarantee success at all. Use them at your own risk.

RPM tools for Ubuntu

For the purpose, “alien” is the right tool. The original “rpm” is also available on the default Ubuntu repository.

• alien

Let’s get started with “alien”. Add the “universe” repository into your system –

sudo add-apt-repository universe

Update the “apt” cache –

sudo apt update

Now, install “alien” –

sudo apt install alien

• rpm

Run the following command –

sudo apt install rpm

Installing RPM

Let’s grab an RPM package to play with. I’m grabbing the GIMP RPM package.

Now, you can install the RPM package using both “alien” and “rpm”.

Note – the recommended method is using “alien” for all RPM manipulation. However, if you understand what you’re doing, only then you should use the “rpm”.

• alien

You can either convert the RPM package into a DEB file and install it, or directly install the RPM package.

• Converting to DEB

Run the following command –

sudo alien <package_name>.rpm

Install the DEB package generated from the RPM –

sudo dpkg -i <package_name>.deb

• Directly installing the RPM

Run the following command –

sudo alien -i <package_name>.rpm

• rpm

For installing any RPM package with “rpm”, follow the following command structure –

rpm -U <package_name>.rpm

This method won’t solve the dependency issues. You need to manually install all the dependencies by yourself.

Enjoy!

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