Netstat is a tool that we can use through the command line. It allows us to monitor networks and also to troubleshoot certain problems that may arise. Also, it is widely used to identify the TCP connections that are active on the machine on which the command is executed.

All this, we emit an output screen where we can visualize the network information or even export it through the use of commands.

This tool is quite useful for the more technical Linux users because it allows us to quickly analyze and detect possible problems that are happening in our network. Even more, to make an analysis on it.

Despite being so popular, it is not included in most Linux distributions and that is why in this post, we will help you how to install it.

So, let’s start.

Install the Netstat on Linux command

As we said, being such a popular tool, it is hard to believe that it is not included in the existing Linux distributions.

The solution to this is to install via official repositories, the net-tools package in order to add the command but also other important tools.

So, in the case of Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, ElementaryOS, and any distribution based on any of these, just open the terminal and execute

sudo apt update
sudo apt install net-tools

In case you are using, Fedora 34, RockyLinux, AlmaLinux OS, RHEL 8, CentOS 8, Oracle Linux 8, or any distribution based on these.

sudo dnf install net-tools

But, if you are using older versions such as RHEL 7, CentOS 7, Oracle Linux 7, or any of their derivatives, then you will need to run

sudo yum install net-tools

A very popular distribution among Linux users is Arch Linux. It also has some derivatives such as Manjaro. For these distributions or any derivative of them, just run:

sudo pacman -S netstat-nat

As we all know, one of our favorite distributions is OpenSUSE, so we can’t leave it out.

So, to install it on OpenSUSE

sudo zypper in net-tools

This way we will be able to use it from the terminal without problems.

Using the Netstat command

It is normal to use the command directly on the terminal. And there it will show much of the default information of the active network interface.

Another common use is to run it together with some other options, for example:

netstat -tulpn

For more complex use of this command, we have prepared a post on the use of Netstat where you can find use cases.

Monitor Network with netstat command in Linux

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

These types of commands can be useful in our work where many tools are required to help with network control. Although there are more specialized and larger tools, it is also true that sometimes we just need a little help.

The post How to install the netstat command on Linux? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Rust is an open source, multipurpose and new programming language that aims to retire to the C language. Although it is sponsored by Mozilla and Samsung, it is a community project. Its focus is primarily on large programs that run on the client and server side.

The main characteristics of Rust are performance, reliability, and productivity. Rust can compile and create applications very quickly; it is conducive to very few failures and its large documentation makes it possible to learn quickly.

Install Rust Programming Language on Fedora 34

The installation is quite simple to perform through the terminal. To do this, first, make sure that the distribution is up to date.

So, open a terminal and run

sudo dnf update

After that you should install the development and build tools for this our post will help you.

After that, you can install the curl and nano packages with which we can complete the post.

sudo dnf install nano curl

Now proceed to download and run the installation script provided by the Rust developers.

curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

During the execution of the script, we will be asked about the type of installation. In this case, choose option 1.

Then the whole installation process will continue and at the end, you will see the following screen:

This way the installation has been completed successfully. To make Rust available from the terminal without any problems run

source $HOME/.cargo/env

Now we are ready to try Rust. We are ready to test Rust, for example, show the installed version.

rustc --version
rustc 1.53.0 (53cb7b09b 2021-06-17)

Your first program with Rustc

Now to check that everything is OK we need to create a program. We will do the classic “Hello World”.

First, create the necessary directory structure and access it.

mkdir ~/projects
cd projects
mkdir example
cd example

Obviously, you can change the names and adjust them to your preferences.

Now create the code file

nano helloworld.rs

And add the following code:

fn main() {
println!("Hello, thanks for visiting Osradar blog.");
}

Save the changes and close the editor.

Now compile the program

rustc helloworld.rs

And run it

./helloworld
Hello, thanks for visiting Osradar blog.

So, Rust is installed.

Conclusion

Installing the Rust language in Linux is a fairly simple process. The possibilities offered by this language are many. It is also a great alternative to traditional programming languages.

The post How to install Rust Programming Language on Fedora 34? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is PIP?

Pip is a package manager for Python projects. Thanks to it we will be able to install many libraries, programs, and tools simply as if it were a system package.

But the most interesting utility of PIP is that by creating a Python virtual environment, we can use it to install programs in the path of the project without affecting other projects or the system itself.

The operation is similar to that of a package manager like APT, DNF, or Zypper because we can install, uninstall and update Python packages from the PIP repositories.

So, let’s install it and get it ready for you to use without any problems.

Install Pip on Fedora 34

The installation will be done using the terminal. So, open a new session from the main menu. When you have opened the terminal, you can update the distribution by running

sudo dnf update

Then, you can perform a search in the Fedora repositories.

sudo dnf search pip

And you will get a wide range of output per screen, but the best results are in the following one:

In this case, the package is python3-pip which we will have to install using DNF

sudo dnf install python3-pip

This will start the installation which should not take too long.

In the end, you can check the installed version

pip3 --version

Sample Output

pip 21.0.1 from /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9)

Although PIP is ready to use, you should always work with the latest version available. So, using it we can upgrade to the latest version.

So, to update PIP, run the following command:

sudo -H pip3 install -U pip
WARNING: Running pip install with root privileges is generally not a good idea. Try `pip3 install --user` instead.
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (21.0.1)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-21.1.2-py3-none-any.whl (1.5 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.5 MB 7.4 MB/s 
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-21.1.2

This way, we will have the latest version of PIP.

pip3 --version
pip 21.1.2 from /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9)

Now yes, PIP is ready for battle.

Conclusion

PIP is a useful and basic tool in daily work with Python. So installing it should be a must for almost any programmer and sysadmin. As you may have noticed, the process is quite simple and anyone can complete it without any problem.

The post How to install PIP on Fedora 34? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Fedora 34 is a distribution sponsored by RHEL which makes it inherit several of its security policies. Of course Fedora 34 is oriented to the average Linux user, so no major security policies are required. However, it is one of the most secure Linux distributions out there. So it is very common to see that there are Linux developers who choose it for their web projects. This is where Nginx becomes almost indispensable.

About Nginx we have talked a lot on our website, however, I will briefly explain that it is an open source web server. Its main advantage over Apache is that it is very lightweight and response times to large requests are very low. That is, it is ideal if you are going to handle a lot of simulated connections. Or yes, the web application is complex and requires many requests to the server. In any case, we are in the presence of a fantastic web server. So, let us get Nginx on Fedora 34.

Install Nginx on Fedora 34

First of all, you need to know the name of the particular package. To do this, we’ll use dnf to get it. So, open a terminal and run:

:~$ sudo dnf search nginx

As you can see in the image, there are several packages related to nginx in the Fedora 34 repositories. However, we need to install the nginx package.

:~$ sudo dnf install nginx

After confirm the process, the download and installation will begin.

Then, when the installation is finished, we must start the Nginx service in order for it to work. To do this, type the following command:

:~$ sudo systemctl start nginx

Also, if you want nginx to start with the system, run this command:

:~$ sudo systemctl enable nginx

Next, open your favorite web browser and go to http://localhost and you will see this.

So, that is it.

Conclusion

Installing Nginx is very simple but it is good to keep it in mind especially if you are new to this Linux distribution. Nginx is very powerful and makes many websites agile to the many requests made to it.

Tell us, do you like Nginx? did you find the post useful?

Please share this post with your friends.

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What is the LAMP stack?

The LAMP stack is the union of several application components that allow to have a functional web server. With LAMP it is possible to develop and deploy web applications created in PHP.

Installing the LAMP stack on Fedora 34

(L)inux

The first component is Linux. In this case, we are using Fedora as the Linux distribution. Fedora is quite stable for these purposes, but it also serves to host applications as if it were a server.

(A)pache

The second component is the HTTP server. The easiest server to use and also one of the most popular is HTTPD which is the Apache project server. Fortunately, it is found in the official repositories of the distribution, which facilitates the installation.

To do this, open a terminal and execute the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf install httpd

Before you can use the server, you must initialize the service. In other words, you have to start it. To do this, we use systemd to do it.

:~$ sudo systemctl start httpd

If you want the service to start along with the system, then run this command:

:~$ sudo systemctl enable httpd

Now each time the system is started, httpd will be started.

However, Fedora values security very much and will not allow httpd to run if port 80 and 443 are not opened in the firewall. So let’s do it.

$ sudo firewall-cmd zone=public add-service=http permanent
success
$ sudo firewall-cmd reload
success

Now, open your web browser and go to http://your-server or http://localhost depending on where you are installing LAMP. You willl see the following:

That means Apache is functioning perfectly.

Installing LAMP stack on Fedora 34 – (P)hp

Now for web applications to run smoothly, you need to install PHP. PHP is one of the most popular languages for web programming. In fact, the vast majority of web applications are created with PHP. To install it along with its main modules, you have to execute the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf install php php-common php-pecl-apcu php-cli php-pear php-pdo php-mysqlnd php-pgsql php-gd php-mbstring php-xml

Now you have to test that PHP works properly, so you have to create a file with some php code and see if you run it.

:~$ sudo nano /var/www/html/test.php

And add the following:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

If you do not have nano installed, it is better to do it with the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf install nano

For all this to work, you have to restart the server:

:~$ sudo systemctl restart httpd

And then, open it from the web browser. http://your-server/test.php or http://localhost/test.php

This means that PHP and Apache are working correctly.

Installing LAMP stack on Fedora 34 – (M)ariaDB

MariaDB is a MySQL fork. Therefore, we are in the presence of a relational database management system. It is included in most existing Linux distributions. Also, it is perfectly compatible with MySQL and its commands as well as its engines. It is the last component of LAMP.

Keep in mind that MariaDB is used to store the data that applications require as they are being used. That is to say, no transactional system should be executed without a database manager. So it is vital to install it.

To do this, run the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf install mariadb-server

Then, at the end of the installation, start the service as with Httpd.

:~$ sudo systemctl start mariadb

And if you want it to run at system startup, just run this command:

:~$ sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Now, you have to secure the installation with the mysql_secure_installation script. With this script you will be able to define a root password and other small configurations.

:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

After defining the root password you will be asked other configuration questions. I answered yes to everything.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y 
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

Now, you have the LAMP stack installed in Fedora 34 without problems.

Conclusion

The LAMP stack is a set of vital applications to have a basic and functional web server. It is the basis for most web applications. And it is necessary for the development of applications and to serve them. Each one of the elements of the stack can be installed without problems but its administration would give for many articles. Anyway today you have learned to deploy it in its basic form.

The post How to install the LAMP stack on Fedora 34 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

As time goes by, the versions of the programs that come in the repositories of the Linux distributions become old. Similarly, program developers often release new versions with new features or bug fixes and we miss them.

Git is a program with quite active development and that requires to be always updated to have news and security fixes. So it is better to do it. And the best way to do it is to compile the source code of the application yourself.

Let us get started.

Installing the latest version of GIT on Fedora 34/33?

A great way to get the latest stable version of any open source program is to compile the source code. Don’t be frightened by the word compile, in fact it’s pretty easy to do.

Open a terminal session and install the necessary libraries to compile GIT. Some are SSL, CURL, ZLIB and others.

:~$ sudo dnf install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel

In a normal Fedora 33 installation the basic compiling tools are not incorporated. These tools are necessary to comply with our tutorial. To install them, run the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"

We will now proceed to download the GIT source code using wget. So make sure you have it installed:

:~$ sudo dnf install wget

And then download the GIT source code. At the time of this tutorial, the most recent version is 2.31.1. But surely in the future, it will change.

:~$ wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.31.1.tar.gz

Then, unzip the file using tar.

:~$ tar -zxf git-2.31.1.tar.gz

A folder named git-2.31.1 will be created. Access it and start the process.

:~$ cd git-2.31.1
:~$ make prefix=/usr/local all

Finally, install it.

:~$ sudo make prefix=/usr/local install

So, that is it. Just use GIT and check the installed version.

:~$ git --version
git version 2.31.1

Conclusion

GIT is a basic application for a developer and getting the latest stable version is a great help to enjoy this tool to the fullest. Let’s think that this trial will become more valid when recent versions start to come out and the version of the official repositories becomes obsolete.

The post How to install the latest version of GIT on Fedora 34 / 33? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

MongoDB allows your teams to easily organize, use and enrich data – in real time, anywhere. MongoDB is a NoSQL and document-oriented database manager. In short, instead of saving the data in the record as the SQL database, it saves them in documents with BSON format which is a binary representation of JSON.

In the world of unrelated SQL database MongoDB is perhaps the most popular, however, it can be used by very different applications that require a semi-structured data collection. On the other hand, its use in transactional systems is not recommended as MongoDB does not support transactions.

That’s why I’m going to teach you how to install MongoDB on the latest stable versions of Fedora, Fedora 34 / 33.

Install MongoDB on Fedora 33

It is possible to install MongoDB on Fedora 34 / 33 through the RPM packages that can be downloaded and installed from the project’s website.

However, the most efficient method is to install from the official MongoDB repository which helps to integrate the application with the system.

So, for ease of use, install the nano text editor.

sudo dnf install nano

And edit a text file to add the MongoDB repository by adding the following content

sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb.repo

[mongodb-org-4.4]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/8/mongodb-org/4.4/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc

Save the changes and close the text editor.

Now you can install MongoDB on Fedora 34 / 33 by running

sudo dnf install mongodb-org

After installation, a new service is created for Fedora 34 / 33.

So, refresh the list of system daemons

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

Now start it up:

sudo systemctl start mongod

And then check the status of the service

sudo systemctl status mongod
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
      Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-05-19 23:15:47 CEST; 5s ago
        Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
     Process: 2212 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mkdir -p /var/run/mongodb (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Process: 2213 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chown mongod:mongod /var/run/mongodb (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Process: 2214 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/chmod 0755 /var/run/mongodb (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Process: 2215 ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Main PID: 2217 (mongod)
      Memory: 57.6M
         CPU: 822ms
      CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
              └─2217 /usr/bin/mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
 May 19 23:15:46 osradar systemd[1]: Starting MongoDB Database Server…
 May 19 23:15:46 osradar mongod[2215]: about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
 May 19 23:15:46 osradar mongod[2217]: forked process: 2217
 May 19 23:15:47 osradar mongod[2215]: child process started successfully, parent exiting
 May 19 23:15:47 osradar systemd[1]: Started MongoDB Database Server.

Now check the version of MongoDB that you have installed

mongod -version
db version v4.4.4
 Build Info: {
     "version": "4.4.4",
     "gitVersion": "8db30a63db1a9d84bdcad0c83369623f708e0397",
     "openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 1.1.1k  FIPS 25 Mar 2021",
     "modules": [],
     "allocator": "tcmalloc",
     "environment": {
         "distmod": "rhel80",
         "distarch": "x86_64",
         "target_arch": "x86_64"
     }
 }

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

So, MongoDB is a solution that is increasingly being taken into account by many developers worldwide. Its installation in Fedora 34 / 33 is relatively simple.

The post How install MongoDB on Fedora 34 / 33? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

If you are an application developer and need to package it for a distribution like Fedora, Debian or Ubuntu, you need some tools. Some of these tools are considered to be essential for the process.

So, all these tools are contained in the package "Development Tools“. Other important packages will be installed there. Some of them are:

• GCC the GNU C language compiler which is a mainstay for developing various languages and installing programs.
• make which allows us to compile programs from source code.
• G++ the GNU compiler for the C++ language which is widely used in QT applications.

And many more.

Install the Development and build tools on Fedora 34/ 33

These packages are not the dependencies of any program so you can install them from the source code or create new RPM packages. These packages are the basic tools that allow these operations. However, the libraries and the rest of the tools depend on each package you need to compile or create.

So, open a terminal and update the distribution:

sudo dnf update

And it carries out the installation by running:

sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools" "Development Libraries"

And you will see a long list of packages to be installed. All are libraries and some tools for it. But the installation doesn’t have to take that long either.

In the end, it is possible to show the versions of the most popular tools like GCC, G++, or make.

make --version

Output:

GNU Make 4.3
 Built for x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu
 Copyright (C) 1988-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

gcc --version

Sample Output

gcc (GCC) 11.0.1 20210324 (Red Hat 11.0.1-0)
 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
 warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

g++ --version

Output

g++ (GCC) 11.1.1 20210428 (Red Hat 11.1.1-1)
 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
 warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

And now you have at least the basic packages to start the work.

Conclusion

The development and package building tools are very important in Fedora 34. Since many programs that are in the repositories depend on them and installing them can save us time.

On the other hand, they become quite necessary if we are developers or application packagers.

The post How to install the Development and build tools on Fedora 34 / 33? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

It is not necessary talk much about PostgreSQL. However, very briefly I will explain you what it is. It is a SQL database manager, open source and well known by application developers. Mainly because it has a considerably superior performance to others like MariaDB or MySQL. So we will have enterprise power in a community program. Sounds good, no?

PostgreSQL has an updated repository for Fedora. However, due to the recent release of Fedora 34, version 11 is available. So in this sense we will have no problems.

Install PostgreSQL on Fedora 34

While PostgreSQL is an application, it has many additional libraries to extend its functionality. Or, to make it work with other programming languages such as Java, Python, C++ or PHP. In addition, we can have access to other libraries of the program for development.

So, first of all, I am going to use DNF the Fedora package manager to look for all PostgreSQL related packages.

:~$ sudo dnf search postgresql

As you can see, there are many packages related to PostgreSQL. But as I said before, they refer to libraries needed to extend the functionality.

Now, let’s install it.

:~$ sudo dnf install postgresql-server

Then you have to prepare PostgreSQL for the first use. So, we have to init the database and then, start the service. After that, test it.

:~$ sudo /usr/bin/postgresql-setup --initdb

Next, enable and start the service.

:~$ sudo systemctl enable postgresql
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgresql.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service.
:~$ sudo systemctl start postgresql

Now, test the installation.

:~$ sudo su - postgres

And access to the PostgreSQL console.

:~$ psql

Then, list all databases.

:~$ \l

So, PostgreSQL is correctly installed.

Conclusion

PostgreSQL is a great database manager and today you have learned how to install it in Fedora 34. So as you can see it’s quite easy, just share this post with your friends.

The post How to install PostgreSQL on Fedora 34? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

As we already know since Oracle took over MySQL many Linux distributions, they took it out of their official repositories. This resulted in the incorporation of a fork called MariaDB. In terms of compatibility everything is guaranteed but it is true that many developers still prefer to use MySQL. So, you have to use another repository for it.

Install MySQL on Fedora 34/33

Oracle provides us with a repository to install MySQL. Specifically, version 8.0 is loaded with interesting new features. So, the first step is to open a terminal session and execute the following command to add the MySQL repository.

For Fedora 34

:~$ sudo dnf install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-fc34-1.noarch.rpm

For Fedora 33:

:~$ sudo dnf install https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-fc33-1.noarch.rpm

Then, once the repository is correctly added, we can install MySQL with the following command:

:~$ sudo dnf install mysql-community-server

And already, but before using it you have to make a few small configurations.

Using MySQL

MySQL is already installed, but you have to start the service to use it. So, run this command:

:~$ sudo systemctl start mysqld

If you want MySQL to start along with the system, use this other command as well:

:~$ sudo systemctl enable mysqld

For security reasons, MySQL generates a temporary root key. Please note that MySQL has even stricter security policies than MariaDB.

Then, you have to show which is the temporary password generated to be able to run the mysql_secure_installation script and be able to set a definite root key.

To do this, use the following command:

:~$ sudo cat /var/log/mysqld.log

In the image you can see, the generated key. Remember that in each case, it is different.

Then we can use the mysql_secure_installation script. In this script we will be able to set the definitive root password and make other security settings for the server.

:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Enter the temporary key you previously obtained and you will immediately be able to establish yours.

MySQL has a plugin that does not allow weak passwords, so it establishes a strong one with numbers, signs and combinations of lower and uppercase letters.

Then, answer the security questions as you prefer. I said yes to all of them.

Now, you can use MySQL without problems. To do this, access the console with this command:

:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

MySQL continues to be the reference of the database relations handlers in Linux. However, as it is not present in the official repositories of Linux distributions, you have to take extra steps to install it.

The post How to install MySQL on Fedora 34/33? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.