MongoDB is the most representative of the databases known as NoSQL, an acronym for Not only SQL. It is document-oriented and multi-platform, which means that we can use it on many different systems.

In Mongo DB there are no predefined schemas, the keys and values of a document are of fixed types or sizes, in a document with a fixed schema the tasks to add or delete fields become easier and with great performance.

Data in Mongo DB is stored using BSON format structures, which is a specification similar to JSON so any modern text editor can edit it without any problems.

So MongoDB has positioned itself as one of the most solid alternatives to database managers like SQLite or MariaDB. So, let’s go for it.

Install MongoDB on Debian 11

For this post, we will use the MongoDB repository for Debian 10 which also works for this new Debian version. However, we are still waiting for the MongoDB developers to include Debian 11 in their repositories.

So, open a terminal and update the operating system completely.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Before adding the MongoDB repository to the system, it is necessary to install a package called gnupg2.

sudo apt install gnupg2

After that, add the GPG key of the repository as follows

wget -qO - https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-5.0.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Now add the MongoDB repository to your system by running

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian buster/mongodb-org/5.0 main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-5.0.list

Refresh APT to accept the new changes

sudo apt update

Next, install MongoDB on Debian 11 by running

sudo apt install mongodb-org
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  mongodb-database-tools mongodb-mongosh mongodb-org-database mongodb-org-database-tools-extra mongodb-org-mongos mongodb-org-server mongodb-org-shell
  mongodb-org-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  mongodb-database-tools mongodb-mongosh mongodb-org mongodb-org-database mongodb-org-database-tools-extra mongodb-org-mongos mongodb-org-server mongodb-org-shell
  mongodb-org-tools
0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 25 not upgraded.
Need to get 147 MB of archives.
After this operation, 464 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

After that, you can check the installed version using this command

mongod --version

Output:

db version v5.0.3
Build Info: {
    "version": "5.0.3",
    "gitVersion": "657fea5a61a74d7a79df7aff8e4bcf0bc742b748",
    "openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 1.1.1k  25 Mar 2021",
    "modules": [],
    "allocator": "tcmalloc",
    "environment": {
        "distmod": "debian10",
        "distarch": "x86_64",
        "target_arch": "x86_64"
    }
}

Managing the MongoDB service

Once it is installed, you can manage its service just like any other service on the system.

To start MongoDB you have to run

sudo systemctl start mongod

It is usually a good idea to make it start with the system so that it is immediately available.

sudo systemctl enable --now mongod
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mongod.service → /lib/systemd/system/mongod.service.

If you make changes to the MongoDB configuration then you will have to restart it to apply the changes.

sudo systemctl restart mongod

Finally, it is advisable to check the status of the service to see if everything is OK.

sudo systemctl status mongod
● mongod.service - MongoDB Database Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mongod.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-10-09 18:51:39 CEST; 25s ago
       Docs: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual
   Main PID: 13759 (mongod)
     Memory: 67.3M
        CPU: 1.561s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mongod.service
             └─13759 /usr/bin/mongod --config /etc/mongod.conf

Oct 09 18:51:39 osradar systemd[1]: Started MongoDB Database Server.

Creating a new user for MongoDB

To access the MongoDB shell just run the command command

mongo

And once inside, it is recommended to create a new user different from the root.

use admin
db.createUser(
{
user: "osradar",
pwd: passwordPrompt(),
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" }, "readWriteAnyDatabase" ]
}
)

Copy and paste the following but change osradar to the name of the user you want.

Then you will have to define a password that has to be secure.

Conclusion

MongoDB is a tool to take into account if we want to develop applications that do not require a SQL database handler. Being open-source we can use it in many different situations with guaranteed performance and efficiency.

MongoDB website

The post How to install MongoDB on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Jitsi Meet

Jitsi Meet is a free tool for making group video calls with numerous participants and many options to perform. In Jitsi Meet there is no limit to the number of participants, although the server will set a limit.

One of the most important features of Jitsi Meet is that it is OpenSource so we can access the source code and we can implement it with tools such as Docker.

Now, the user community has created a Jitsi Meet Desktop client with which we can connect to an instance from the desktop.

Jisti Meet Desktop Client

So we have a Desktop application for Jitsi Meet built with Electron. Like the Jitsi Meet technology, it is open source and has the following features.

• Works with any Jitsi deployment.
• Unlimited users: There are no artificial restrictions on the number of users or conference participants. Server power and bandwidth are the only limiting factors.
• No account is needed.
• Lock-protected rooms: Control the access to your conferences with a password.
• Encrypted by default.

This way, you can integrate Jitsi Meet into the desktop of your favorite distribution.

Install Jitsi Meet Desktop Client on Debian 11

The support of this application for Linux is very good and especially for Debian 11. So we have several installation methods.

Jitsi Meet Desktop Client using the DEB package

In the Github profile of the application, we can download a DEB package that will be useful for our system.

To download it and install it, you can open the terminal and run

wget https://github.com/jitsi/jitsi-meet-electron/releases/latest/download/jitsi-meet-amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./jitsi-meet-amd64.deb

At the end of the process, you will be able to run it from the main menu of the distribution.

Getting Jitsi Meet desktop client with Flatpak

This method is a bit more cumbersome, but it guarantees integration with the system, and will not fail due to any dependencies. In short, we can install the application using Flatpak technology.

So, if you don’t have Flatpak you can install it by running

sudo apt install flatpak

After that, you need to add the Flathub repository where the application is hosted.

sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

Then, you can install it as follows

sudo flatpak install flathub org.jitsi.jitsi-meet

When the installation is finished you can run it from the main menu or by executing this command

flatpak run org.jitsi.jitsi-meet

Then, you will see the main screen.

Conclusion

A desktop client is always good news to speed up the work from an operating system. That’s why we have to thank the work of community in creating these applications and making them work on almost all Linux operating systems.

The post Install Jitsi Meet desktop on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Laravel?

Laravel is one of the easiest open-source frameworks for PHP to assimilate. One of its advantages is that it has a much easier learning curve than other web and application development tools. It was created in 2011 and is heavily influenced by frameworks such as Ruby on Rails, Sinatra, and ASP.NET MVC.

With Laravel, we will have available other tools that together make up the power of Laravel.

• Blade: A powerful template manager where we can manage PHP variables directly in the view.
• Eloquent: Laravel’s database system, for writing and retrieving data. So we don’t have to work directly with SQL code.
• Routing: LAravel has its own routing system that helps us to set up the routing of our pages with GET or POST methods.

Besides this, Laravel is one of the best-documented frameworks that exist and with an active community willing to give support to the newbie.

So, let’s get started.

Install Laravel on Debian 11

Installing the Laravel requisites

First, you need to install PHP and some of its modules and the unzip package.

sudo apt install php php-bcmath php-json php-mbstring php-pdo php-tokenizer php-xml php-pear php-zip php-zip unzip

Install PHP Composer on Debian 11

The installation of laravel can be done without problems using PHP Composer. So we have to install it and keep it up to date.

For that, we invite you to read our post about it:

How to install PHP Composer on Debian 11?

Once it is installed and updated, we can follow the procedures.

Install Laravel on Debian 11

Now with the help of Composer, we have to install Laravel. To do this, run the following command

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel [project_name]

Where the last value is where you have to specify the name of your project.

So, Composer will start with downloading and installing all Laravel dependencies. When finished, you will see an output screen like this

This will create a folder with the name of your project that we need to access.

cd example

And there will be all our Laravel working and ready for us to start creating code.

If you want to check how the project is running and also if you want to verify the installation, you can run

php artisan serve

Then open a web browser and go to http://localhost:8000 and you’ll see an image like this

In case Laravel has been installed on a server or another computer over the network, you can specify that it is accessible from another computer.

php artisan serve --host=0.0.0.0.0 --port=1234

This way you can access the computer and with the 1234 port you can change these values to your liking.

Conclusion

During this post, you have learned how to install laravel on Debian 11 so you can start developing cool applications that you can take to production. So, this is a powerful framework that you need to take full advantage of.

The post How to install Laravel on Debian 11? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is vnStat?

The best definition of Vnstat can be found on the project’s own website:

vnStat is a console-based network traffic monitor for Linux and BSD that keeps a log of network traffic for the selected interface(s). It uses the network interface statistics provided by the kernel as an information source. This means that vnStat won’t actually be sniffing any traffic and also ensures light use of system resources regardless of network traffic rate.

Therefore this tool is quite well known within the community and among sysadmins. It is quite simple to use and as you will see below it is easy to install.

Install vnStat on Debian 11 / 10

One of the fastest and most immediate ways to install vnStat on Debian 11 / 10 is to install it from the official repositories.

Although this is not the only way to get the program, it is the easiest method for newbies.

So, open a terminal or from an SSH session, install the security patches in the distribution:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Next, you can install the vnStat package as follows:

sudo apt install vnstat

After it is installed, start the application service.

sudo systemctl start vnstat

This will complete the installation and you will be able to use it.

Install the latest version of vnStat on Debian 11 / 10

The previous method has a big problem and it is that the version that appears in the official repositories of Debian 11 / 10, is very outdated. So it is advisable to always install the latest version following these steps that I will describe.

First, install the packages needed to do the compilation, as well as some dependencies:

sudo apt install build-essential gcc make libsqlite3-dev

Then download the latest stable version, which at the time of writing this post, is 2.8.

wget https://humdi.net/vnstat/vnstat-2.8.tar.gz

Decompress the downloaded file

tar -xvzf vnstat-2.8.tar.gz

As a result of executing the above command, a folder called vnstat-2.8 will be generated which you will need to access and from there configure the package for compilation:

cd vnstat-2.8
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc

Now, compile the package and install it with this pair of commands:

sudo make
sudo make install

If everything went well, you will be able to run the vnstat command and display, for example, the installed version:

vnstat -v

Output:

vnStat 2.8 by Teemu Toivola <tst at iki dot fi>

Using the vnStat command

Before using the tool it is necessary to start the vnStat service. As we have installed it manually, there is no service installed so we have to create it.

Fortunately, to create it we will use the example file that comes with the code we have just compiled.

sudo cp -v examples/systemd/vnstat.service /etc/systemd/system/

Refresh the list of services

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

And now yes, enable it so it can start with the system and start the service

sudo systemctl enable vnstat
sudo systemctl start vnstat

And check the status of the service

sudo systemctl status vnstat
● vnstat.service - vnStat network traffic monitor
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vnstat.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-10-02 18:24:27 CEST; 11s ago
       Docs: man:vnstatd(8)
             man:vnstat(1)
             man:vnstat.conf(5)
   Main PID: 5939 (vnstatd)
      Tasks: 1 (limit: 2276)
     Memory: 612.0K
        CPU: 20ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/vnstat.service
             └─5939 /usr/sbin/vnstatd -n

Oct 02 18:24:27 osradar systemd[1]: Started vnStat network traffic monitor.
Oct 02 18:24:27 osradar vnstatd[5939]: Info: vnStat daemon 2.8 started. (pid:5939 uid:0 gid:0 64-bit)
Oct 02 18:24:27 osradar vnstatd[5939]: Info: Monitoring (1): eth0 (1000 Mbit)

After waiting a few minutes, you can start using it.

vnstat

By default, it takes the active interface, but you can change it:

vnstat -i [interface]

When an interface is monitored, a new database with logs is created. You can delete it and reset the statistics.

sudo vnstat -i [interface] --remove --force

In this case, you have to specify the interface to monitor.

Enjoy it.

Conclusion

So now you know how to install and use vnStat on Debian 11 / 10 This command although simple allows you to find answers to the operation of a network interface and to know if the behavior is as expected…

The post Install and use vnStat on Debian 11 / 10 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Introducing to Django

Django is an open-source framework written in Python and based on the MTV (Model Template View) design pattern for developing websites, applications, and APIs (with Django REST Framework).

Django was designed to help us develop applications from concept to completion as quickly as possible. It also takes security seriously and helps us avoid many common security bugs.

Moreover, Django’s ability to scale quickly and flexibly is one of its main advantages. So if you have a website such as a forum that you are going to add features to later, Django is a good alternative.

In addition, Django is incredibly versatile and can be used to build everything from content management systems to social networks and scientific computing platforms.

So, let’s get started.

Install Django on Debian 11

Before getting started with Django, it’s necessary to update the distribution so that we can avoid problems.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now we need to install PIP. This tool will help us with the installation of Django on our system.

sudo apt install python3-pip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-wheel
Recommended packages:
  build-essential python3-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-pip python3-wheel
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,309 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,671 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

Next, we have to update PIP to the latest stable version available.

pip3 install -U pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (20.3.4)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-21.2.4-py3-none-any.whl (1.6 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.6 MB 7.6 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-21.2.4

Now check the installed version by running the following command

pip3 --version
pip 21.2.4 from /home/angelo/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9

Now you can install Django on your system with the help of PIP.

sudo pip3 install Django
Installing collected packages: sqlparse, pytz, asgiref, Django
Successfully installed Django-3.2.7 asgiref-3.4.1 pytz-2021.3 sqlparse-0.4.2

When you install Django, it will enable the django-admin command that we will use to administer Django. For now, check the installed version.

django-admin --version
3.2.7

Testing Django on Debian 11

Now we need to test the installation of Django and for that, we’re going to create a new project

Create a new folder dedicated to the project and go to it

mkdir example
cd example

You can replace example with any name you want. Now create the new project.

django-admin startproject project

Replace project with the name you will give to your project.

This will create a folder with the same name that you need to access.

cd project

Now you need to apply the default settings

python3 manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
.
.
.

Next, it’s time to create an admin user for Django.

python3 manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'angelo'):
Email address: angelo@osradar.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

There you will be asked for a username and password to use.

Now you have to configure Django to allow remote access.

nano project/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['IP_PC']]

Save your changes and close the editor.

python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0.0:8080
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
October 02, 2021 - 14:45:55
Django version 3.2.7, using settings 'project.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8080/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

Now open your web browser and go to http://your-pc:8080 and you will see the main Django screen.

Then, to access the admin panel, go to http://your-pc:8080/admin.

After logging in you will see the dashboard.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

So, Installing Django on our system can help us if we are starting in this world of Python and the web. This process is made easy thanks to tools like PIP.

The post Install Django on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Composer?

Composer is a project dependency manager for PHP programming. That means that it allows us to manage, i.e. specify, download, and keep up to date, the software packages or dependencies on which our PHP project is based.

The reason for using it is that when you develop a PHP application it requires functionality that is not in the default PHP libraries. That is, you have to add others for your project to work or to be able to be carried out.

So, when you start the project you have to go to the page of each of the software components that you want to use, download them, copy them to the folder of your project. This is a bit torturous because at some point these libraries will be updated and then you have to start this process all over again.

Composer was born to avoid this. Because just by defining the right dependencies, Composer will download them and add them to your project in a matter of seconds. And if they are updated, it only takes a minimal effort or command to update them. All without wasting time and in an orderly fashion.

So, let’s get started.

Install PHP Composer on Debian 11

As we can guess, one of the main requirements is to have PHP installed on the system. This shouldn’t be a problem because PHP is present in the Debian 11 repositories and is quite lightweight.

So, open a terminal and as usual update the distribution.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Then, you can install PHP in case you don’t have it.

sudo apt install php

Note: If you don’t have sudo available then you have to run these commands as root. Also, you can enable it by reading our post about it.

Now to install Composer on the system, you have to run this single command

php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"

This command downloads and “compiles” the Composer installer for us.

Then install it in a directory that is in our PATH so that we can use it throughout the system. Also, you have to give it run permissions.

sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer

Then, verify the installed version by running

composer --version
composer version 2.1.8 2021-09-15 13:55:14

Using PHP Composer on Debian 11

Before using Composer it is always advisable to upgrade to the latest version. This process can be done by running

composer self-update

If you already have the latest stable version, you will get an output screen like this

You are already using the latest available Composer version 2.1.8 (stable channel)

Composer works with a file called composer.json which is where the project dependencies are stored. To add one you can visit packagist to find one you need.

For example, I will add sebastian/comparator with the command

composer require sebastian/comparator

Just like that, Composer recognizes the dependency, downloads it along with its dependencies, and installs them for our project that we just need to use. And so on with each of the dependencies you need.

To update the versions of the dependencies of your project run

composer update

Or you can update a single one

composer update sebastian/comparator

Also, you can update several at once.

To remove a dependency, just run

composer remove sebastian/comparator

So you can use Composer on Debian 11 in a basic but useful way.

Conclusion

In this post, we have covered the installation of PHP Composer on Debian 11 and a small introduction to its particular usage. This tool has become indispensable for many developers so it is not surprising that it is popular.

The post Install PHP Composer on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

For those of you who don’t know, Docker is a not-so-old technology for creating and deploying applications using containers. Containers allow you to package an application with all the parts you need, such as libraries and other dependencies and deploy it as a single package.

One of the advantages of using containers is that we can be sure that our application will run the same on other computers and systems that support Docker regardless of any custom configuration the machine may have.

So, as you can see, developers and sysadmin consider Docker essential to do most of the work they do.

So, let’s install it on Debian 11.

Install Docker on Debian 11

From the official Docker documentation, we are told that there are several methods of installation. One of them is to add the official Docker repository to the system to get the latest stable version available. This is the recommended method.

So, connect via SSH to your server or open your terminal and make sure the system is up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

In case you don’t have sudo access then you will have to run these commands as root.

If you want to install Docker on your system, you probably don’t have it, but you want to make sure it is not installed. This is especially important in work environments where access is shared.

sudo apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

Next, install a few packages needed to complete the tutorial.

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

After this, add the GPG key from the repository.

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

And now yes, add the Docker repository for Debian 11

echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

Refresh APT again and now install Docker on the system.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount | cgroup-lite
Recommended packages:
  apparmor docker-ce-rootless-extras git libltdl7 pigz docker-scan-plugin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
Need to get 84.7 MB of archives.

Now you can verify the installed version with the command

docker --version
Docker version 20.10.8, build 3967b7d

And also check the status of the service

sudo systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-09-07 17:34:04 CEST; 2min 47s ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
       Docs: https://docs.docker.com
   Main PID: 3127 (dockerd)
      Tasks: 8
     Memory: 38.1M
        CPU: 318ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
             └─3127 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207590098+02:00" level=info msg="scheme \"unix\" not registered, fallback to default scheme" module=gr>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207613182+02:00" level=info msg="ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:///run/containerd/co>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207627959+02:00" level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to \"pick_first\"" module=grpc
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.291431722+02:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.507218484+02:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.586246350+02:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.607084077+02:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=75249d8 graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=20.10.8 Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.607211307+02:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.638456943+02:00" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"

Configuring Docker before using it

By default, Docker is used with the root user. This can lead to security problems and you may not want to do it.

So to be able to use Docker without being root, you need to create a group called docker and add your user to this group.

sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Log out and log back in so that your group membership is re-evaluated.

This is enough.

Another thing you can do is to make Docker start with the system. To do this, run these commands.

sudo systemctl enable docker.service
sudo systemctl enable containerd.service

Now we can test the installation.

Testing Docker on Debian 11

To test Docker, just run the hello-world image that is included in the installation.

docker run hello-world

The image indicates that everything went well. Enjoy it.

Conclusion

Docker is a fantastic tool that has revolutionized the way software is distributed. For this, it is necessary to install it on a robust system like Debian 11.

The post Install Docker on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Vivaldi?

When we talk about Vivaldi in Linux we don’t mean the great music composer but a modern and efficient web browser that was born some time ago.

Vivaldi is one of the best web browsers in the world. With the permission of Firefox and Google Chrome, Vivaldi has many modern features that make it interesting.

One of them is that it allows you to group tabs, it doesn’t track you by default, it includes an ad-blocker and it even integrates an email client.

On top of that, it includes everything you would expect in a modern browser: data synchronization, GUI customization, support for Chrome plugins, so the options are many.

So Vivaldi is an excellent browser for everyday use and this is what the Manjaro Cinnamon developers thought because they decided to replace Firefox with Vivaldi. This is one of the most important pieces of news of the last days in Linux, but it gives us an idea that the browser is very good and efficient.

Install Vivaldi on Debian 11

One of the few bad things about Vivaldi is that it is not open source. Besides that, it is not included in the official Debian 11 repositories, but its installation is not complex thanks to the DEB package provided by the developers.

To do so, go to the Vivaldi website and download the DEB package for Linux.

After downloading the package, you can install it by double-clicking on it or running it in the terminal.

cd Downloads
sudo apt install ./vivaldi*.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'vivaldi-stable' instead of './vivaldi-stable_4.1.2369.21-1_amd64.deb'
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fonts-liberation libu2f-udev
Recommended packages:
  adobe-flashplugin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fonts-liberation libu2f-udev vivaldi-stable
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
Need to get 834 kB/86.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 295 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

So when the process is finished, you can run it from the main menu.

Uninstalling Vivaldi web browser on Debian 11

In case you want to uninstall Vivaldi from the system, you only have to run the following command

sudo apt remove vivaldi

This will permanently remove the package.

Conclusion

With Vivaldi, we will be able to have everything we want a modern web browser to be. And with the certainty of being secure and private, it adds an extra. It’s not perfect, we miss the fact that it’s not open source, but it’s still a worthwhile application.

The post Install Vivaldi web browser on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Hello, friends. Today we’re going to talk about how to install Atom on Debian 11.

If there is one thing that makes Atom different from Sublime Text and Visual Studio Code is that it is open source. Because Atom is released under the MIT license.

Why do I compare Atom with Sublime Text and Visual Studio Code? Because Atom is an advanced text editor that allows us to write code in many different languages very easily.

As it is an open-source application we can examine its source code without problems. In fact, the developers encourage us to try it because it is “the hackable editor of the 21st century”.

With Atom we can have everything that advanced text editor gives us, syntax autocompletion, syntax highlighting for many languages, GIT integration, theme support, debugging, and a lot of plugins that even increase its functionality.

It’s worth adding that Atom is free so we can use it in almost any environment or situation.

The only downside I find is that it is an Electron application which makes it a bit more resource-consuming. Of course, this shouldn’t be a problem for modern computers.

So, let’s install it.

Install Atom on Debian 11

Atom provides good support for Linux. Especially for Debian because we can install it in several different ways.

Install Atom on Debian using the DEB package

On the Atom website, you will find a DEB package that you can download without any problems. To do so, go to the Atom website or their Github profile and from there you can download the DEB package.

Once downloaded you can install it by double-clicking on the DEB file or from the terminal using APT which is the Debian package manager.

cd Downloads/
sudo apt install ./atom-amd64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'atom' instead of './atom-amd64.deb'
The following additional packages will be installed:
  git git-man liberror-perl patch
Suggested packages:
  git-daemon-run | git-daemon-sysvinit git-doc git-el git-email git-gui gitk
  gitweb git-cvs git-mediawiki git-svn ed diffutils-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  atom git git-man liberror-perl patch
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
Need to get 7,514 kB/145 MB of archives.
After this operation, 707 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

If you want to download it via terminal, just run:

wget https://github.com/atom/atom/releases/download/v1.58.0/atom-amd64.deb

In any case, installation is easy.

At the end of the process, you can open the application from the main menu and start working.

Install Atom via flatpak

Flatpak is a technology of packages isolated from the system and its libraries. This means that they can work universally on almost any system. Also, it adds an extra layer of security to the system because the program will not make use of the system libraries.

In this chaos, we can install Atom via Flatpak and get the latest stable version of Atom.

So, install Flatpak from a terminal

sudo apt install flatpak

Then add the Flathub repository where the Atom package is located.

sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

Then proceed to install it by running this command.

sudo flatpak install flathub io.atom.Atom

At the end of the process, you will be able to run it from the main menu or by executing the command

flatpak run io.atom.Atom

This way you can install Atom.

Removing Atom on Debian 11

If you no longer want to have Atom on Debian 11 then the best thing to do is to remove it from the system. If you have installed Atom using the DEB package then you can remove it by running

sudo apt remove atom

Or via Flatpak by executing the following command

sudo flatpak remove io.atom.Atom

This will leave no trace of the application on the system.

Conclusion

Atom is an advanced and powerful text editor but with the incentive of being open source and that we can use it without any limitations. Moreover, we can customize it in almost any aspect.

I will learn how to install it, although simple, it can help many novices to get started in programming.

The post Install Atom on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

If there is a tool that has helped in the management of MySQL / MariaDB data is PHPMyAdmin both professionals and students or even enthusiasts.

So, what is PHPMyAdmin?

According to the project website,

phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended to handle the administration of MySQL over the Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations on MySQL and MariaDB. Frequently used operations (managing databases, tables, columns, columns, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc) can be performed via the user interface, while you still can directly execute any SQL statement.

Therefore, with PHPMyAdmin we can quickly query our data and other options quickly and easily. In addition to this, we are talking about an open-source project with which we can examine its source code and even modify it.

Another advantage of using PHPMyAdmin is that as it is a project created with PHP, the only thing we need is an operating system with a web server installed. From there, we can then access it with a web device such as a computer, tablet, or mobile phone.

So, let’s get started.

Install PHPMyAdmin on Debian 11

By default, it is included in the official Debian 11 repositories. So installing it is very easy to do. The problem is that the versions included in the repositories are not always the most up-to-date.

So in this post, we’ll go through the whole process to get the latest stable version published on the PHPMyAdmin website.

Install LAMP on Debian 11

Since this is a web application, then it is necessary to have our computer working as a web server. So, we need to install LAMP on Debian 11

For that, you have to install first Apache on Debian 11 and then MariaDB on Debian 11. With our posts, you will have no problem doing that.

Also, it is necessary to install some PHP modules such as

php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-zip

Once we have LAMP fully installed, we can continue.

Downloading and installing the latest version of PHPMyAdmin

At the time of writing this post, the latest stable version of PHPMyAdmin is 5.1.1 in the future this will change. So to keep it working, in the commands replace 5.1.1 with the updated version number.

Now, from the /tmp/ folder download PHPMyAdmin with the command wget.

cd /tmp/
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/5.1.1/phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-all-languages.tar.gz

Then unzip it and move it to another location. In this case, I will move it to /usr/share/phpmyadmin.

sudo mv phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-all-languages /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Now create a tmp folder dedicated to PHPMyAdmin. Then make Apache the owner of it.

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/phpmyadmin

Also, create a folder dedicated to the configuration:

sudo mkdir /etc/phpmyadmin/

Enable the PHPMyAdmin configuration by copying the sample with the configuration name that the program will recognize.

sudo cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

This file needs to be edited to make two modifications.

sudo nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

The first is to define a passphrase that will help us to increase security.

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '[passphrase]'; 

The second is to set the path to the temporary folder we created for PHPMyAdmin. You can add this line.

$cfg['TempDir'] = '/var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp';

Save your changes and close the editor.

Now you need to add a recommended Apache configuration for ideal access to PHPMyAdmin.

So, Create the file

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/phpmyadmin.conf

And add the following:

Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin
ServerName your-domain

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
    Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
    DirectoryIndex index.php

    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
        <IfModule mod_mime.c>
            AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
        </IfModule>
        <FilesMatch ".+\.php$">
            SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
        </FilesMatch>

        php_value include_path .
        php_admin_value upload_tmp_dir /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
        php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/php/php-php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/:/usr/share/php/tcpdf/:/usr/share/doc/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/phpseclib/
        php_admin_value mbstring.func_overload 0
    </IfModule>
    <IfModule mod_php.c>
        <IfModule mod_mime.c>
            AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
        </IfModule>
        <FilesMatch ".+\.php$">
            SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
        </FilesMatch>

        php_value include_path .
        php_admin_value upload_tmp_dir /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
        php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/php/php-php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/:/usr/share/php/tcpdf/:/usr/share/doc/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/phpseclib/
        php_admin_value mbstring.func_overload 0
    </IfModule>

</Directory>

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup>
    <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
        <IfModule mod_authn_file.c>
            AuthType Basic
            AuthName "phpMyAdmin Setup"
            AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup
        </IfModule>
        Require valid-user
    </IfModule>
</Directory>

Save the changes and close the editor.

Now enable the rewrite module and check the service status for an error.

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo systemctl restart apache2
sudo systemctl status apache2

Optionally, but recommended, you can secure access to PHPMyAdmin by installing Let’s Encrypt certificates.

So, install Certbot and the Apache plugin.

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache

And generate the certificates as follows

sudo certbot --apache -d [your-domain]

Then, follow the interactive instructions of the tool. There you will have to define your email address and the installation will be done.

Then, restart Apache.

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Now you can access using your favorite web browser at https://your-server/phpmyadmin/ and you will see the login screen.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

PHPMyAdmin is a sophisticated tool that allows us to manage a MariaDB instance without much trouble. It can be useful to save a lot of time in viewing the data and the many options we have to work with.

With this post, you learned how to install the latest stable version without major problems having LAMP as a base.

The post How to install PHPMyAdmin on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.