Debian 11.1 is available

This point release mainly adds corrections for security issues, along with a few adjustments for serious problems. Security advisories have already been published separately and are referenced where available.

One of the things the development team emphasizes is that this is not a new major release of Debian, but a bug-fix release.

Another thing to note is that those who frequently install updates from security.debian.org won’t have to update many packages, and most such updates are included in the point release. So the importance of always updating the system and doing so frequently is emphasized.

So this is a maintenance release but we still need to get it on the system to avoid security problems.

In this post, we will show you how to do it using the terminal without any problems.

Upgrade from Debian 11 to Debian 11.1

The upgrade process is very easy and should not give us any problems. However, it’s also not a bad idea to back up the most sensitive data on your disk to an external device.

Also, it is a good idea to have as few external repositories on your system as possible.

So, check the current version of Debian.

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
Release: 11
Codename: bullseye

After that, open a terminal and update the current package.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now perform the system upgrade

sudo apt dist-upgrade

After this, the process will be finished and you will have Debian 11.1 up and running.

This way the upgrade has been successful and we can continue our work.

Conclusion

In this post, you learned how to upgrade Debian 11 to Debian 11.1 to get the latest Debian security features. I hope you found this post useful, although simple, it can be of help to many newbies to the system.

The post Upgrade from Debian 11 to Debian 11.1 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Introducing to Django

Django is an open-source framework written in Python and based on the MTV (Model Template View) design pattern for developing websites, applications, and APIs (with Django REST Framework).

Django was designed to help us develop applications from concept to completion as quickly as possible. It also takes security seriously and helps us avoid many common security bugs.

Moreover, Django’s ability to scale quickly and flexibly is one of its main advantages. So if you have a website such as a forum that you are going to add features to later, Django is a good alternative.

In addition, Django is incredibly versatile and can be used to build everything from content management systems to social networks and scientific computing platforms.

So, let’s get started.

Install Django on Debian 11

Before getting started with Django, it’s necessary to update the distribution so that we can avoid problems.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now we need to install PIP. This tool will help us with the installation of Django on our system.

sudo apt install python3-pip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-wheel
Recommended packages:
  build-essential python3-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-pip python3-wheel
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,309 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,671 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

Next, we have to update PIP to the latest stable version available.

pip3 install -U pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (20.3.4)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-21.2.4-py3-none-any.whl (1.6 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.6 MB 7.6 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-21.2.4

Now check the installed version by running the following command

pip3 --version
pip 21.2.4 from /home/angelo/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9

Now you can install Django on your system with the help of PIP.

sudo pip3 install Django
Installing collected packages: sqlparse, pytz, asgiref, Django
Successfully installed Django-3.2.7 asgiref-3.4.1 pytz-2021.3 sqlparse-0.4.2

When you install Django, it will enable the django-admin command that we will use to administer Django. For now, check the installed version.

django-admin --version
3.2.7

Testing Django on Debian 11

Now we need to test the installation of Django and for that, we’re going to create a new project

Create a new folder dedicated to the project and go to it

mkdir example
cd example

You can replace example with any name you want. Now create the new project.

django-admin startproject project

Replace project with the name you will give to your project.

This will create a folder with the same name that you need to access.

cd project

Now you need to apply the default settings

python3 manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
.
.
.

Next, it’s time to create an admin user for Django.

python3 manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'angelo'):
Email address: angelo@osradar.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

There you will be asked for a username and password to use.

Now you have to configure Django to allow remote access.

nano project/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['IP_PC']]

Save your changes and close the editor.

python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0.0:8080
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
October 02, 2021 - 14:45:55
Django version 3.2.7, using settings 'project.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8080/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

Now open your web browser and go to http://your-pc:8080 and you will see the main Django screen.

Then, to access the admin panel, go to http://your-pc:8080/admin.

After logging in you will see the dashboard.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

So, Installing Django on our system can help us if we are starting in this world of Python and the web. This process is made easy thanks to tools like PIP.

The post Install Django on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

So, first, let’s talk about what is ReactJS

ReactJS is an open-source JavaScript library for developing user interfaces. It was launched in 2013 and developed by Facebook, which also currently maintains it together with a community of independent developers and companies.

React, as it is also known, represents a solid foundation on which almost anything can be built with JavaScript. It also makes development much easier, as it offers us many ready-made things, which we don’t need to spend time working on.

An example of this is that it is used to develop web applications in a more orderly way and with less code than if you use pure Javascript or libraries like jQuery focused on DOM manipulation. It allows views to be associated with data, so that if the data changes, so do the views.

For these and other reasons, many developers use it in their front-end projects.

So, let’s install it.

Install ReactJS on UBuntu 20.04

React, as we’ll call it, depends on NodeJS so the first step is to install it on the system.

So, open a terminal and update the distro completely.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

After that, add the NodeJS 14.x repository which is the version we will be working with.

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo bash -

When the process is finished, we can start the NodeJS installation by running the following command

sudo apt install nodejs

When finished, you will be able to check the version of NodeJS installed on the system.

node -v
v14.18.0

Now it is necessary to install a recent version of NPM to do so run

sudo npm install npm@latest -g

Output

/usr/bin/npm -> /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npm-cli.js
/usr/bin/npx -> /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npx-cli.js
+ npm@7.24.1
added 70 packages from 27 contributors, removed 250 packages and updated 187 packages in 6.975s

To install ReactJS then, run the following command

sudo npm install -g create-react-app

Query the installed version to check that the installation was successful.

create-react-app --version
4.0.3

With this, we can start creating our projects without problems

Creating a new ReactJS project

To create a new project with ReactJS just run the following command

create-react-app example

You have to replace example with the name of your project. This will start the whole process of downloading and configuring the new project.

When the process is finished, you will see the following output on the screen

As you can see, you have some commands that you should use when needed. To check that everything went well, run

npm start

Now open a web browser and go to http://your-server:3000 or http://localhost:3000 and you’ll see a screen like this

So, ReactJS is ready and you can now create great creations with it. Enjoy it!

Conclusion

ReactJS is a great tool on the Front-end side itself gives us answers to many problems arising from the use of JQuery. So, in this post, you learn how to install it on Ubuntu 20.04

The post How to install ReactJS on Ubuntu 20.04 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

For those of you who don’t know, Docker is a not-so-old technology for creating and deploying applications using containers. Containers allow you to package an application with all the parts you need, such as libraries and other dependencies and deploy it as a single package.

One of the advantages of using containers is that we can be sure that our application will run the same on other computers and systems that support Docker regardless of any custom configuration the machine may have.

So, as you can see, developers and sysadmin consider Docker essential to do most of the work they do.

So, let’s install it on Debian 11.

Install Docker on Debian 11

From the official Docker documentation, we are told that there are several methods of installation. One of them is to add the official Docker repository to the system to get the latest stable version available. This is the recommended method.

So, connect via SSH to your server or open your terminal and make sure the system is up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

In case you don’t have sudo access then you will have to run these commands as root.

If you want to install Docker on your system, you probably don’t have it, but you want to make sure it is not installed. This is especially important in work environments where access is shared.

sudo apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

Next, install a few packages needed to complete the tutorial.

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

After this, add the GPG key from the repository.

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg

And now yes, add the Docker repository for Debian 11

echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

Refresh APT again and now install Docker on the system.

sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount | cgroup-lite
Recommended packages:
  apparmor docker-ce-rootless-extras git libltdl7 pigz docker-scan-plugin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  containerd.io docker-ce docker-ce-cli
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
Need to get 84.7 MB of archives.

Now you can verify the installed version with the command

docker --version
Docker version 20.10.8, build 3967b7d

And also check the status of the service

sudo systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-09-07 17:34:04 CEST; 2min 47s ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
       Docs: https://docs.docker.com
   Main PID: 3127 (dockerd)
      Tasks: 8
     Memory: 38.1M
        CPU: 318ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
             └─3127 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207590098+02:00" level=info msg="scheme \"unix\" not registered, fallback to default scheme" module=gr>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207613182+02:00" level=info msg="ccResolverWrapper: sending update to cc: {[{unix:///run/containerd/co>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.207627959+02:00" level=info msg="ClientConn switching balancer to \"pick_first\"" module=grpc
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.291431722+02:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.507218484+02:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16>Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.586246350+02:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.607084077+02:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=75249d8 graphdriver(s)=overlay2 version=20.10.8 Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.607211307+02:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Sep 07 17:34:04 osradar dockerd[3127]: time="2021-09-07T17:34:04.638456943+02:00" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"

Configuring Docker before using it

By default, Docker is used with the root user. This can lead to security problems and you may not want to do it.

So to be able to use Docker without being root, you need to create a group called docker and add your user to this group.

sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Log out and log back in so that your group membership is re-evaluated.

This is enough.

Another thing you can do is to make Docker start with the system. To do this, run these commands.

sudo systemctl enable docker.service
sudo systemctl enable containerd.service

Now we can test the installation.

Testing Docker on Debian 11

To test Docker, just run the hello-world image that is included in the installation.

docker run hello-world

The image indicates that everything went well. Enjoy it.

Conclusion

Docker is a fantastic tool that has revolutionized the way software is distributed. For this, it is necessary to install it on a robust system like Debian 11.

The post Install Docker on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

If there is a tool that has helped in the management of MySQL / MariaDB data is PHPMyAdmin both professionals and students or even enthusiasts.

So, what is PHPMyAdmin?

According to the project website,

phpMyAdmin is a free software tool written in PHP, intended to handle the administration of MySQL over the Web. phpMyAdmin supports a wide range of operations on MySQL and MariaDB. Frequently used operations (managing databases, tables, columns, columns, relations, indexes, users, permissions, etc) can be performed via the user interface, while you still can directly execute any SQL statement.

Therefore, with PHPMyAdmin we can quickly query our data and other options quickly and easily. In addition to this, we are talking about an open-source project with which we can examine its source code and even modify it.

Another advantage of using PHPMyAdmin is that as it is a project created with PHP, the only thing we need is an operating system with a web server installed. From there, we can then access it with a web device such as a computer, tablet, or mobile phone.

So, let’s get started.

Install PHPMyAdmin on Debian 11

By default, it is included in the official Debian 11 repositories. So installing it is very easy to do. The problem is that the versions included in the repositories are not always the most up-to-date.

So in this post, we’ll go through the whole process to get the latest stable version published on the PHPMyAdmin website.

Install LAMP on Debian 11

Since this is a web application, then it is necessary to have our computer working as a web server. So, we need to install LAMP on Debian 11

For that, you have to install first Apache on Debian 11 and then MariaDB on Debian 11. With our posts, you will have no problem doing that.

Also, it is necessary to install some PHP modules such as

php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-zip

Once we have LAMP fully installed, we can continue.

Downloading and installing the latest version of PHPMyAdmin

At the time of writing this post, the latest stable version of PHPMyAdmin is 5.1.1 in the future this will change. So to keep it working, in the commands replace 5.1.1 with the updated version number.

Now, from the /tmp/ folder download PHPMyAdmin with the command wget.

cd /tmp/
wget https://files.phpmyadmin.net/phpMyAdmin/5.1.1/phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-all-languages.tar.gz

Then unzip it and move it to another location. In this case, I will move it to /usr/share/phpmyadmin.

sudo mv phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-all-languages /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Now create a tmp folder dedicated to PHPMyAdmin. Then make Apache the owner of it.

sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/phpmyadmin

Also, create a folder dedicated to the configuration:

sudo mkdir /etc/phpmyadmin/

Enable the PHPMyAdmin configuration by copying the sample with the configuration name that the program will recognize.

sudo cp /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.sample.inc.php /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

This file needs to be edited to make two modifications.

sudo nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php

The first is to define a passphrase that will help us to increase security.

$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '[passphrase]'; 

The second is to set the path to the temporary folder we created for PHPMyAdmin. You can add this line.

$cfg['TempDir'] = '/var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp';

Save your changes and close the editor.

Now you need to add a recommended Apache configuration for ideal access to PHPMyAdmin.

So, Create the file

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/phpmyadmin.conf

And add the following:

Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin
ServerName your-domain

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
    Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
    DirectoryIndex index.php

    <IfModule mod_php5.c>
        <IfModule mod_mime.c>
            AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
        </IfModule>
        <FilesMatch ".+\.php$">
            SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
        </FilesMatch>

        php_value include_path .
        php_admin_value upload_tmp_dir /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
        php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/php/php-php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/:/usr/share/php/tcpdf/:/usr/share/doc/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/phpseclib/
        php_admin_value mbstring.func_overload 0
    </IfModule>
    <IfModule mod_php.c>
        <IfModule mod_mime.c>
            AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
        </IfModule>
        <FilesMatch ".+\.php$">
            SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
        </FilesMatch>

        php_value include_path .
        php_admin_value upload_tmp_dir /var/lib/phpmyadmin/tmp
        php_admin_value open_basedir /usr/share/phpmyadmin/:/etc/phpmyadmin/:/var/lib/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/php-gettext/:/usr/share/php/php-php-gettext/:/usr/share/javascript/:/usr/share/php/tcpdf/:/usr/share/doc/phpmyadmin/:/usr/share/php/phpseclib/
        php_admin_value mbstring.func_overload 0
    </IfModule>

</Directory>

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup>
    <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
        <IfModule mod_authn_file.c>
            AuthType Basic
            AuthName "phpMyAdmin Setup"
            AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/htpasswd.setup
        </IfModule>
        Require valid-user
    </IfModule>
</Directory>

Save the changes and close the editor.

Now enable the rewrite module and check the service status for an error.

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo systemctl restart apache2
sudo systemctl status apache2

Optionally, but recommended, you can secure access to PHPMyAdmin by installing Let’s Encrypt certificates.

So, install Certbot and the Apache plugin.

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache

And generate the certificates as follows

sudo certbot --apache -d [your-domain]

Then, follow the interactive instructions of the tool. There you will have to define your email address and the installation will be done.

Then, restart Apache.

sudo systemctl restart apache2

Now you can access using your favorite web browser at https://your-server/phpmyadmin/ and you will see the login screen.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

PHPMyAdmin is a sophisticated tool that allows us to manage a MariaDB instance without much trouble. It can be useful to save a lot of time in viewing the data and the many options we have to work with.

With this post, you learned how to install the latest stable version without major problems having LAMP as a base.

The post How to install PHPMyAdmin on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

LAMP stands for Linux, Apache web server, MariaDB, and PHP. Together they can make a computer a functional web server that can run many websites and complex web applications such as WordPress.

So it is a good idea to know how to install this software stack that will serve as a base to install many other applications.

So, let’s get started.

Install LAMP on Debian 11

To start our post, we need to start with a clean install of Debian 11 which is quite easy to install. It is also recommended that you have it updated with these commands.

apt update
apt upgrade

These commands are executed as the root user. But you can also enable sudo on Debian 11. So if you have it enabled just prefix the sudo command with the rest.

With the system upgrade, we can continue the post.

Install Apache and PHP on Debian 11

Apache is an open-source web server that is very popular around the world. On the other hand, PHP is a web programming language that, while not the only one, is one of the most popular and used by all kinds of developers.

The installation of both tools is easy thanks to the fact that they are included in the official Debian 11 repositories. This process is detailed in our post

How to install Apache on Debian 11?

There you can find all the necessary information on how to install both tools.

Install MariaDB on Debian 11

The next step is to install and properly configure MariaDB which will serve as our database manager. MariaDB has many important features but the support that many web applications give to it is one of the main ones.

For example, applications such as WordPress, GLPI, and others support MariaDB, so installing it is vital.

For that, I invite you to read our post

How to install MariaDB on Debian 11?

There you can not only install it but also get it ready for us to start using it.

LAMP on Debian 11 Conclusion

In this post, we have shown you how to install the LAMP stack on Debian 11. To do this, we have relied on our posts where we detail the installation process of each of the components. This does not make the post longer and makes it easier to understand.

The post Install LAMP on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

For the PostgreSQL website and listening to many programmers, “PostgreSQL is The World’s Most Advanced Open Source Relational Database”.

This is due to its high reliability and the way it works with data. It is said that for really big projects, there is nothing like using PostgreSQL. Also, it includes tools like multi version and others that make it very powerful.

According to the official information that we can find on the web site

PostgreSQL is a powerful, open source object-relational database system with over 30 years of active development that has earned it a strong reputation for reliability, feature robustness, and performance.

So, let’s go for it.

Install PostgreSQL on Debian 11

Debian, which is a multipurpose operating system, has many different tools in its official repositories. So it is not surprising that PostgreSQL is also present.

In addition to the base PostgreSQL package there are also others that we can use at other times. If you want to do a search in the repositories run

sudo apt update
sudo apt search postgresql

And this way we will be able to see all these packages.

To install PostgreSQL on Debian 11, you have to run the following command

sudo apt install postgresql-13
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  git-man liberror-perl
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libllvm11 libpq5 libxslt1.1 libz3-4 postgresql-client-13 postgresql-client-common postgresql-common ssl-cert
Suggested packages:
  postgresql-doc-13 libjson-perl
Recommended packages:
  sysstat
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libllvm11 libpq5 libxslt1.1 libz3-4 postgresql-13 postgresql-client-13 postgresql-client-common postgresql-common ssl-cert
0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 42.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 165 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

This will install the PostgreSQL base package which will be enough to do a job with it.

In Debian when installing an application that is managed through a systemd service, it will start automatically.

So, you can check the status of this service like this

sudo systemctl status postgresql
● postgresql.service - PostgreSQL RDBMS
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/postgresql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (exited) since Wed 2021-08-18 22:27:21 CEST; 4min 40s ago
   Main PID: 11736 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
      Tasks: 0 (limit: 2277)
     Memory: 0B
        CPU: 0
     CGroup: /system.slice/postgresql.service

So PostgreSQL is working properly. If you want to stop, restart or start the service you can use these commands

sudo systemctl stop postgresql
sudo systemctl restart postgresql
sudo systemctl start postgresql

Now let’s connect to PostgreSQL

Test the PostgreSQL installation

Now it’s time to use some PostgreSQL. The console is called psql but it is only available to the postgres user that was created during the installation.

So, first switch to the postgres user.

sudo -i -u postgres

And now if you access the console

psql

Inside it, you can execute commands. For example, list the databases:

\l

So, PostgreSQL is installed correctly and is working.

Enjoy it

Conclusion

In this post, you have learned how to install PostgreSQL in a quick and easy way that can help newbies get started with this powerful database manager.

The post Install PostgreSQL on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

MariaDB is a well-known archi Database Relationships Management System that is a MySQL fork. This is due to the purchase of Sun Mycrosystem by Oracle. It is perfectly compatible with MySQL and is available in most Linux distributions.

Therefore, it is quite popular and many developers use it for their applications or even to manage the most sensitive data you can imagine.

So, let’s go for it.

Install MariaDB on Debian 11

As it usually happens, MariaDB is available from the official Debian 11 repositories. If you want to check it out, then, just run the following command

apt search mariadb

There you will see many packages related to MariaDB such as the server and the client.

So, to install the server that concerns us today, then you can run the following command

apt install mariadb-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  galera-4 gawk libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbi-perl libmariadb3 libmpfr6 libsigsegv2 libsnappy1v5 mariadb-client-10.5 mariadb-client-core-10.5 mariadb-common
  mariadb-server-10.5 mariadb-server-core-10.5 mysql-common socat
Suggested packages:
  gawk-doc libclone-perl libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libsql-statement-perl mailx mariadb-test netcat-openbsd
Recommended packages:
  libdbd-mariadb-perl | libdbd-mysql-perl libterm-readkey-perl libhtml-template-perl
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  galera-4 gawk libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbi-perl libmariadb3 libmpfr6 libsigsegv2 libsnappy1v5 mariadb-client-10.5 mariadb-client-core-10.5 mariadb-common
  mariadb-server mariadb-server-10.5 mariadb-server-core-10.5 mysql-common socat
0 upgraded, 16 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 18.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 157 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

There is a package that refers to the MariaDB client which is mariadb-client that you can install at your convenience.

To check the version of MariaDB installed, you can run the following command

mariadb --version
mariadb Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.5.11-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

As with other system services, when MariaDB is installed, it will be started and enabled so that it can start with the system.

You can stop the service by running

systemctl stop mariadb

If you want to start it again, then run

systemctl start mariadb

Finally, you can check the status of the service by running this command

systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.5.11 database server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-08-17 23:38:11 CEST; 21min ago
       Docs: man:mariadbd(8)
             https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
    Process: 9881 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/install -m 755 -o mysql -g root -d /var/run/mysqld (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 9882 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 9884 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c [ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= ||   VAR=`cd /usr/bin/..; /usr/bin/galera_recovery`; [ $? -eq 0 ]   && systemctl se>
   Process: 9946 ExecStartPost=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 9948 ExecStartPost=/etc/mysql/debian-start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 9932 (mariadbd)
     Status: "Taking your SQL requests now..."
      Tasks: 9 (limit: 2277)
     Memory: 89.9M
        CPU: 1.187s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
             └─9932 /usr/sbin/mariadbd

Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] InnoDB: 10.5.11 started; log sequence number 45130; transaction id 20
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 210817 23:38:11
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] Reading of all Master_info entries succeeded
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] Added new Master_info '' to hash table
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: 2021-08-17 23:38:11 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd: ready for connections.
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar mariadbd[9932]: Version: '10.5.11-MariaDB-1'  socket: '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  Debian 11
Aug 17 23:38:11 osradar systemd[1]: Started MariaDB 10.5.11 database server.

Preparing MariaDB for use

When MariaDB is installed, it does not include a password for the root user, so it is immediately necessary to set one. For this, we have the mysql_secure_installation script to help us with this.

mysql_secure_installation

When prompted for the root user password, just press ENTER:

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

Now you can define the MariaDB authentication protocol.

If You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n]

And now yes, you can change the root password by answering Y to the question

Change the root password? [Y/n]
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables...
... Success!

Then, there follows a series of questions that have to do with MariaDB configuration and security. You can answer each one AND

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

And then the script will finish executing.

With this, MariaDB will be ready for you to use and access the shell.

mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 54
Server version: 10.5.11-MariaDB-1 Debian 11
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab, and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>

So, enjoy it

Conclusion

MariaDB is a database driver widely used by many programming enthusiasts. Learning how to install it can pave the way to getting the most out of it in this area.

The post Install MariaDB on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Introducing to Leantime

Leantime is a straightforward open-source project management system to make your ideas reality

It is that kind of web application that allows us to manage our projects quickly and easily. For example, with Leantime you can plan your long-term roadmap and break down milestones into clear tasks that you can assign to your team members.

One of the best things about this application is that it requires little resources as it is a web application created with PHP. For this very reason, Leantime can be installed on many different operating systems which allows for a lot of choices.

So, in this post, you will learn how to install it step by step.

Install Leantime on Ubuntu 20.04

So, connect via SSH to your server and upgrade it.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

After this, then we can start the installation itself.

Install LAMP on Ubuntu 20.04

Since this is a web application, we can then use LAMP. So if you want to install it, then our post will help you with that.

Also, you have to install these PHP modules as well as other necessary packages.

php php-mysql php-curl php-curl php-curl php-json php-cgi php-xmlrpc php-gd php-mbstring unzip

Once you have them installed, then we can continue.

Create a new database on MariaDB

Leantime requires a database handler to store the generated data. So, we already have MariaDB installed, but it is convenient to create a new database as well as a dedicated user for Leantime.

So, open the MariaDB shell

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then, create the database, the user, and his permissions

CREATE DATABASE leantime;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON leantime.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

You can change the database name, user, and password to whatever you want.

Then exit the shell.

exit;

Download Leantime

Now you can download Leantime. To do this, we will use the wget command

cd /tmp/
wget https://leantime.io/download?wpdmdl=7413 -O leantime.zip
--2021-08-07 17:16:57--  https://leantime.io/download?wpdmdl=7413
Resolving leantime.io (leantime.io)... 52.41.34.197
Connecting to leantime.io (leantime.io)|52.41.34.197|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 29635461 (28M) [application/zip]
Saving to: ‘leantime.zip’

leantime.zip                              100%[=====================================================================================>]  28.26M  4.17MB/s    in 7.1s

2021-08-07 17:17:05 (3.99 MB/s) - ‘leantime.zip’ saved [29635461/29635461]

Then, unzip it in the Apache root directory.

sudo unzip leantime.zip -d /var/www/html/leantime

So, make Apache the owner of the folder.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/leantime

And assign appropriate permissions to it:

sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/leantime

The next step is to enable the default Leantime configuration. To do this, just rename the sample file.

sudo mv /var/www/html/leantime/config/configuration.sample.php /var/www/html/leantime/config/configuration.php

Edit the configuration file to set our database parameters.

sudo nano /var/www/html/leantime/config/configuration.php

And set the database name, user, and password.

/* Database */
public $dbHost="localhost"; //Database host
public $dbUser="user"; //Database username
public $dbPassword="password"; //Database password
public $dbDatabase="leantime"; //Database name

Next, you have to create a new Virtualhost for Leantime.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/leantime.conf

Add the following

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin admin@leantime.osradar.test
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/leantime/
    ServerName leantime.osradar.test

    <Directory /var/www/html/leantime/>
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/leantime.osradar.test-error_log
    CustomLog /var/log/apache2/leantime.osradar.test-access_log common
</VirtualHost>

Remember to change the value of ServerName to your server and ServerAdmin as well as anything else you see fit.Save the changes and close the editor.

So, enable the new Virtualhost.

sudo a2ensite leantime

And the rewrite Apache module and to apply the changes, restart Apache.

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo systemctl restart apache2

Enabling HTTPS with Let’s Encrypt

This step, although optional, is recommended because it guarantees that all the information that circulates is secure.

So, install Certbot and its Apache plugin.

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache

And now generate the certificate as follows

sudo certbot --apache --d [your-domain]

This way, after accepting the license terms and adding your email address, the certificates will be generated and installed.

You can restart Apache.

sudo systemctl restart apache

Now, to finish the job

Complete the installation

Now open your favorite web browser and go to https://your-domain/install where you will see the screen to create the new user.

After creating it, you will be informed that the process has been successful and you can log in.

Once logged in, you will be able to enjoy a tour of the application.

and then you will see the dashboard.

So, enjoy it-

Conclusion

In this post, you have learned how to install Leantime on Ubuntu 20.04. This application will help your team to manage the projects you need.

The post Install Leantime on Ubuntu 20.04 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

OmniDB is a client for managing MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and SQLite databases. It has two versions, a desktop version which we told you about some time ago and a self-hosted version. We will talk about the latter.

This client allows us to install it on our server and access it from anywhere. Or even use it in an internal network for the same purposes. With OmniDB we will be able to do what it is expected to do, query, modify and manage databases; besides this, it includes SQL Editors with autocomplete and others.

On the other hand, work unification is the order of the day thanks to Tab System with multiple contexts.

So, let’s get started.

Install OmniDB Server on Ubuntu 20.04

The process is quite simple thanks to the DEB package that the developers leave us. So, connect to your server and update it.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now, download OmniDB DEB package

cd /tmp/
wget https://github.com/OmniDB/OmniDB/releases/download/3.0.3b/omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb
--2021-08-04 15:08:35--  https://github.com/OmniDB/OmniDB/releases/download/3.0.3b/omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 140.82.121.4
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|140.82.121.4|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://github-releases.githubusercontent.com/56064194/13663400-3ff3-11eb-8d0c-7de42ff344c5?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20210804%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20210804T130835Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=b329de2c87863f6cbe238e861488be0337ed0570899b2395511ceac88222ab8f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=56064194&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Domnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]
--2021-08-04 15:08:35--  https://github-releases.githubusercontent.com/56064194/13663400-3ff3-11eb-8d0c-7de42ff344c5?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20210804%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20210804T130835Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=b329de2c87863f6cbe238e861488be0337ed0570899b2395511ceac88222ab8f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=56064194&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Domnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
Resolving github-releases.githubusercontent.com (github-releases.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.110.154, 185.199.111.154, 185.199.108.154, ...
Connecting to github-releases.githubusercontent.com (github-releases.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.110.154|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 51477258 (49M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb’

omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb     100%[=====================================================================================>]  49.09M  52.5MB/s    in 0.9s

2021-08-04 15:08:36 (52.5 MB/s) - ‘omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb’ saved [51477258/51477258]

At the time of writing this post, the latest stable version is 3.0.3b so you should check the project website before doing anything.

Then, install it like any other package

sudo apt install ./omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'omnidb-server' instead of './omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb'
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  omnidb-server
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 24 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/51.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 53.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 /tmp/omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb omnidb-server amd64 3.0.3 [51.5 MB]
Selecting previously unselected package omnidb-server.
(Reading database ... 28542 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../omnidb-server_3.0.3b_linux_x86_64.deb ...
Unpacking omnidb-server (3.0.3) ...
Setting up omnidb-server (3.0.3) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/omnidb.service → /etc/systemd/system/omnidb.service

When the process is finished, OmniDB will be ready to use.

Configuring OmniDB Server

The OmniDB installation includes a Systemd service to manage the program.

The first thing to do is to check the status of this service.

sudo systemctl status omnidb.service
● omnidb.service - OmniDB server daemon
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/omnidb.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-08-04 15:09:06 CEST; 1min 31s ago
    Process: 1466 ExecStart=/bin/bash -c /opt/omnidb-server/omnidb-server & (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 1467 (omnidb-server)
      Tasks: 14 (limit: 4566)
     Memory: 266.9M
     CGroup: /system.slice/omnidb.service
             ├─1467 /opt/omnidb-server/omnidb-server
             └─1498 /opt/omnidb-server/omnidb-server

Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]:   Applying social_django.0008_partial_timestamp... OK
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]:   Applying social_django.0009_auto_20191118_0520... OK
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]:   Applying social_django.0010_uid_db_index... OK
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Attempting to migrate users, connections and monitoring units and snippets from OmniDB 2 to 3...
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Source database file does not contain the required tables, skipping...
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Starting OmniDB server...
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Checking port availability...
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Starting server OmniDB 3.0.3b at 127.0.0.1:8000.
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Open OmniDB in your favorite browser
Aug 04 15:09:10 osradar bash[1498]: Press Ctrl+C to exit

As you can see, it is running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 but since we are installing it on a server, this is not useful.

So, stop the service.

sudo systemctl stop omnidb.service

Now, initialize but with the -p options to define a port and -H to define the host.

omnidb-server -p 8080 -H 0.0.0.0.0
Attempting to migrate users, connections and monitoring units and snippets from OmniDB 2 to 3...
Source database file does not contain the required tables, skipping...
Starting OmniDB server...
Checking port availability...
Starting server OmniDB 3.0.3b at 0.0.0.0:8080.
Open OmniDB in your favorite browser
Press Ctrl+C to exit

Now yes. When you open the web browser and visit http://ipserver:8080 you can see the login screen.

Press CTRL + C to finish running OmniDB because we need to create a new user.

This can be done as follows:

omnidb-server -u angelo 123456

Replace angelo with your username and 123456 with a more appropriate password.

Now run it again and you will be able to log in. You will see the login screen and then the welcome screen.

And you will be able to edit a connection.

Optional: Using Nginx as a reverse proxy

The default is that we have to use a reverse proxy like Nginx and from there manage the connection to OmniDB. This is very well detailed in the official documentation.

So, if OmniDB is running, stop it. Either using the service or manually.

Install Nginx

sudo apt install nginx

And create a new configuration file for Nginx

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/omnidb

Now add the following

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl;
    include snippets/ssl-domain.conf;
    include snippets/ssl-params.conf;
    server_name domain.org;
    client_max_body_size 75M;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Ssl https;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto https;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Port 443;
        proxy_set_header   Host $host;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
    }
}

Remember to replace server_name with your domain.

Save the changes and close the editor.

Check the Nginx syntax for an error.

sudo nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

For all this to work, it is necessary to edit the default OmniDB configuration file.

sudo nano ~/.omnidb/omnidb-server/config.py

And make sure to leave these values as follows

LISTENING_ADDRESS = '127.0.0.1'
LISTENING_PORT = 8000IS_SSL = False
SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True
CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True

Save the changes and close the editor.

The next step is to create an SSL certificate with Let’s Encrypt. So, install certbot and the Nginx plugin.

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

And generate the certificate

sudo certbot --nginx -d [domain]

Put your domain and accept the license terms and you are done.

Finish the process by starting the OmniDB service and restarting Nginx.

sudo systemctl start omnidb
sudo systemctl restart nginx

Now login from your browser in a secure way.

Conclusion

Tools like OmniDB are very welcome because they allow us to have flexibility in accessing our databases. With this tool, you can set up a web interface that you can access from anywhere to manage a database anywhere. So, enjoy it.

The post Install OmniDB Server on Ubuntu 20.04 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.