GitLab Pages

GitLab Pages offers a free forever plan for individual users that includes free static websites. It offers 5 GB of storage and 10 GB of transfers per month. They also have a limit of 400 minutes per month of CI/CD, and five users per namespace.

On the other hand, all GitLab plans offer unlimited private repositories. Additionally, CI/CD minutes for public projects created on or after July 17, 2021, are capped at 50,000 minutes on the free plan.

GitHub Pages

GitHub Pages is undoubtedly one of the best known. In fact, its free plan for individuals and organizations is also lifetime and includes unlimited public and private repositories. GitHub also offers five times more CI/CD minutes per month: up to 2000 for public repositories. These also receive 500 MB of package storage.

With GitHub Pages, you can also create one website per account or organization, and you have unlimited project sites.

Netlify

Netflify is an excellent choice for personal projects, hobbies, or experiments. Their ‘Starter’ plan offers only access to one member, but they give you up to 100 GB per month of bandwidth. They offer 300 minutes per month of ‘Build minutes’, unlimited websites, and up to 1,000 active users. These users can authenticate with your site or app without needing accounts on other services.

Heroku

Heroku also offers a couple of free plans called Free and Hobby. These no-cost plans are for non-commercial applications such as proof-of-concepts, MVPs, and personal projects. The ‘Free’ account offers 512 MB of RAM, custom domains, up to two process types, and between 550 and 1,000 dyno hours per ms.

In Heroku they run your application in isolated, lightweight Linux containers which they call dynos. The platform offers different types of these dynos for different cases. The ‘Hobby’ plan offers everything in the ‘Free’ plan, but adds extras and charges per dyno. They also offer other services such as Heroku Postgres and Heroku Redis which also have free plans.

Azure

Azure, Microsoft’s cloud, also has an initial free plan. This includes free services for 12 months and a free credit of US$200. After the credit, you can have another 40 free services forever, and switch to monthly pay-as-you-go.

The platform offers free trials of all types of experiences for building mobile apps, websites, scalable workloads, hybrid environments and more.

AWS

The Amazon Web Services or AWS free tier includes three different types of offers depending on the product used. These offers are limited to 12 months of free usage. What they offer varies greatly depending on what you are going to use the platform for.

Amazon has product categories for analytics, application integration, computing, containers, databases, web and mobile frontend services, machine learning, storage, serverless technology, etc.

Firebase

Firebase is Google’s platform that in its Spark Plan includes a good number of products at no cost. Among these are hosting with up to 10 GB of storage and 360 MB of data transfers per day.

You can use custom domain and SSL, have multiple sites per project, and they also give you 5 GB in Google Cloud with thousands of upload and download operations per day. You can find more information on the Firebase support page.

Render

At Render, they offer a free plan for static websites that supports custom domains with TLS and unlimited contributors. With Render’s free plans, you can create web services and PostgreSQL databases at no cost.

Each service is allowed up to 100 GB/month of outbound bandwidth (network traffic sent by your code). Usage above that amount is charged at $0.10/GB. Inbound bandwidth (network traffic received by your code) is always free.

Kamatera

Starting at $4 per month, you get 1 GB of RAM, 20 GB of SDD storage and 5 TB of network traffic. Kamatera offers you the choice of Nodejs version and data center location.

Launchpad

Another great alternative is Launchpad, the software hosting and version control platform of Canonical, the organization responsible for Ubuntu Linux. This platform hosts the codes of open-source developments of the likes of Ubuntu. However, it also hosts others such as Inkscape, Shutter or OpenShot Video Editor. In total, more than 40,000 projects. In addition to version control and Wiki, Launchpad facilitates tasks such as code review, bug search and resolution, internal mailing lists…

Google Cloud Source Repositories

Under the name Google Cloud, there is a whole catalog of services and products related to online storage and other professional tasks related to the Internet. And one of its products is Cloud Source Repositories, its platform where you can host your software based on the Git version controller.

In addition to offering free space (up to 50 GB) to create private and public repositories, you can migrate your content from other similar services such as GitHub. Additional services such as error analysis, code testing in the cloud, etc., are also available.

SourceForge

SourceForge may be one of the oldest software platforms, and although it has seen better times, it is still there. It currently has more than 430,000 projects and more than 3.7 million registered users.

Among other things, it allows hosting open source and commercial software, offers download statistics, integrates tools such as mailing lists, forums and blogs, is compatible with Git, but also with Mercurial and Subversion, etc.

Another of its outstanding features is that it is very useful for developers because it makes it easy to download software from different servers. In addition, millions of users can search for applications and download them, making it a good showcase for little-known software.

Very well, in this way we have seen The best services offering free hosting for your websites, applications, or experiments. See you!

The post The best services offering free hosting for your websites, applications, or experiments appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

List of the best sites to watch free movies online.

So, if you love sitting on the couch watching movies, then this is for you. In fact, in all of them, we will be able to find content for all tastes. However, it is important to know that the vast majority of sites that offer free online series and movies are pirated. In addition, they usually ask us to register, contain links with malware, or we can end up with several tools installed on our computer without realizing that later they flood our computer with unwanted advertising.

As a result, these sites are often pursued until they are shut down. Indeed, in most cases they do not comply with the corresponding legality, especially regarding the copyright of the movies themselves. Even so, we can still find certain legal sites or websites with free online series and movies. So, we can access in a quiet and safe way.

YouTube and Vimeo

It may seem unusual to you, but the video platforms you use to watch live music or video clips are also options for watching movies. They are full of movies that you can watch legally, at no cost, without registration and on any device. You can certainly rent some, and this does come at a cost. However, there are many others that are available free.

YouTube

Why? Because there are many classics that have already become public domain after decades have passed since their release. Thus, many YouTube channels collect movies legally, royalty-free movies. Others, moreover, include the possibility to watch series or movies created by themselves. That is, the production company itself uploads its content to the Internet.

Vimeo

One of the main alternatives to YouTube. It certainly does not pose a serious threat yet. However, it has some possibilities that the global streaming video giant does not offer. For many, its design and operation is much better, cleaner and without distractions. In addition, its community is somewhat less toxic and seems to be rowing in the same direction. That even makes some people bet on posting their productions directly there, whether they are short or feature films.

There are several sections on Vimeo, including one called the on-demand section. There we can buy full movies, series, or TV shows. They are many indies or independent, but that is not synonymous with low quality. In fact, we also have offerings from major television studios. Be that as it may, it is worth giving a chance to this free streaming platform. It is a completely recommendable option to watch different free movies.

Archives and organizations

There are digital libraries and other websites with all kinds of free resources that offer us the possibility to watch movies for free. The vast majority of them are movies that have free access, so we will not be doing anything illegal. Let’s see some of them.

Archive.org 

Archive.org is a digital library managed by a non-profit organization dedicated to the preservation of archives, captures of public Websites, multimedia resources and also software. In it, we can find, therefore, free movies of all times. In the same way, we can choose by category or use the filters to find what we like the most, to see the movies available, we will have to filter by type of content. Then we will be able to make or apply another series of filters to find what we like the most.

The website not only allows you to watch the movie online. In fact, many times we can download it to take it on a USB drive and use it wherever we want. All in all, a great option to watch movies for free anywhere.

Open Culture

This is a site dedicated to sharing many books, audiobooks, courses, movies and other types of content for free. Therefore, it is very similar to the previous site. It is a good international option thanks to the fact that we will find all kinds of options to watch and enjoy. Here we will be able to find a list of free online movies that we can watch in a completely legal way. Among them, we can see some of the most popular creations of Alfred Hitchcock, among others.

An important aspect is that this website includes filtering by language. In addition, there are categories and collections and generally the web will redirect us to other pages. However, it is an excellent option to find everything and to watch movies very different from what we find on Netflix.

National Film Board of Canada

The National Film Board of Canada is a project in which many people have participated throughout its history. Consequently, this allows thousands of films and short films to be available free of charge for all audiences. It is a website that allows us to find all kinds of titles. It also has a really comfortable filters to find something that suits what we want at that time. In addition, we can filter by language. However, keep in mind that the web will only allow us to watch movies in French or English.

Thousands of titles are available. Additionally, we can search alphabetically, but we can also filter by length, by year, by genre, by availability. In total, more than six thousand free titles without downloading anything and available through a player in the browser.

At the end of the day, we have seen the best websites to watch free movies online. Best of all, the content is completely free and legitimate. Despite this, it does not mean that the content is of poor quality. On the contrary, we can find authentic gems of world cinema. See you soon!

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Introducing to Django

Django is an open-source framework written in Python and based on the MTV (Model Template View) design pattern for developing websites, applications, and APIs (with Django REST Framework).

Django was designed to help us develop applications from concept to completion as quickly as possible. It also takes security seriously and helps us avoid many common security bugs.

Moreover, Django’s ability to scale quickly and flexibly is one of its main advantages. So if you have a website such as a forum that you are going to add features to later, Django is a good alternative.

In addition, Django is incredibly versatile and can be used to build everything from content management systems to social networks and scientific computing platforms.

So, let’s get started.

Install Django on Debian 11

Before getting started with Django, it’s necessary to update the distribution so that we can avoid problems.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now we need to install PIP. This tool will help us with the installation of Django on our system.

sudo apt install python3-pip
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-wheel
Recommended packages:
  build-essential python3-dev
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python-pip-whl python3-pip python3-wheel
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,309 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,671 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

Next, we have to update PIP to the latest stable version available.

pip3 install -U pip
Requirement already satisfied: pip in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (20.3.4)
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-21.2.4-py3-none-any.whl (1.6 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.6 MB 7.6 MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Successfully installed pip-21.2.4

Now check the installed version by running the following command

pip3 --version
pip 21.2.4 from /home/angelo/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9

Now you can install Django on your system with the help of PIP.

sudo pip3 install Django
Installing collected packages: sqlparse, pytz, asgiref, Django
Successfully installed Django-3.2.7 asgiref-3.4.1 pytz-2021.3 sqlparse-0.4.2

When you install Django, it will enable the django-admin command that we will use to administer Django. For now, check the installed version.

django-admin --version
3.2.7

Testing Django on Debian 11

Now we need to test the installation of Django and for that, we’re going to create a new project

Create a new folder dedicated to the project and go to it

mkdir example
cd example

You can replace example with any name you want. Now create the new project.

django-admin startproject project

Replace project with the name you will give to your project.

This will create a folder with the same name that you need to access.

cd project

Now you need to apply the default settings

python3 manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
  Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
  Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
  Applying admin.0003_logentry_add_action_flag_choices... OK
  Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
  Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
  Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
.
.
.

Next, it’s time to create an admin user for Django.

python3 manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'angelo'):
Email address: angelo@osradar.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.

There you will be asked for a username and password to use.

Now you have to configure Django to allow remote access.

nano project/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['IP_PC']]

Save your changes and close the editor.

python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0.0:8080
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
October 02, 2021 - 14:45:55
Django version 3.2.7, using settings 'project.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8080/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

Now open your web browser and go to http://your-pc:8080 and you will see the main Django screen.

Then, to access the admin panel, go to http://your-pc:8080/admin.

After logging in you will see the dashboard.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

So, Installing Django on our system can help us if we are starting in this world of Python and the web. This process is made easy thanks to tools like PIP.

The post Install Django on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

So, first, let’s talk about what is ReactJS

ReactJS is an open-source JavaScript library for developing user interfaces. It was launched in 2013 and developed by Facebook, which also currently maintains it together with a community of independent developers and companies.

React, as it is also known, represents a solid foundation on which almost anything can be built with JavaScript. It also makes development much easier, as it offers us many ready-made things, which we don’t need to spend time working on.

An example of this is that it is used to develop web applications in a more orderly way and with less code than if you use pure Javascript or libraries like jQuery focused on DOM manipulation. It allows views to be associated with data, so that if the data changes, so do the views.

For these and other reasons, many developers use it in their front-end projects.

So, let’s install it.

Install ReactJS on UBuntu 20.04

React, as we’ll call it, depends on NodeJS so the first step is to install it on the system.

So, open a terminal and update the distro completely.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

After that, add the NodeJS 14.x repository which is the version we will be working with.

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo bash -

When the process is finished, we can start the NodeJS installation by running the following command

sudo apt install nodejs

When finished, you will be able to check the version of NodeJS installed on the system.

node -v
v14.18.0

Now it is necessary to install a recent version of NPM to do so run

sudo npm install npm@latest -g

Output

/usr/bin/npm -> /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npm-cli.js
/usr/bin/npx -> /usr/lib/node_modules/npm/bin/npx-cli.js
+ npm@7.24.1
added 70 packages from 27 contributors, removed 250 packages and updated 187 packages in 6.975s

To install ReactJS then, run the following command

sudo npm install -g create-react-app

Query the installed version to check that the installation was successful.

create-react-app --version
4.0.3

With this, we can start creating our projects without problems

Creating a new ReactJS project

To create a new project with ReactJS just run the following command

create-react-app example

You have to replace example with the name of your project. This will start the whole process of downloading and configuring the new project.

When the process is finished, you will see the following output on the screen

As you can see, you have some commands that you should use when needed. To check that everything went well, run

npm start

Now open a web browser and go to http://your-server:3000 or http://localhost:3000 and you’ll see a screen like this

So, ReactJS is ready and you can now create great creations with it. Enjoy it!

Conclusion

ReactJS is a great tool on the Front-end side itself gives us answers to many problems arising from the use of JQuery. So, in this post, you learn how to install it on Ubuntu 20.04

The post How to install ReactJS on Ubuntu 20.04 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Vivaldi?

When we talk about Vivaldi in Linux we don’t mean the great music composer but a modern and efficient web browser that was born some time ago.

Vivaldi is one of the best web browsers in the world. With the permission of Firefox and Google Chrome, Vivaldi has many modern features that make it interesting.

One of them is that it allows you to group tabs, it doesn’t track you by default, it includes an ad-blocker and it even integrates an email client.

On top of that, it includes everything you would expect in a modern browser: data synchronization, GUI customization, support for Chrome plugins, so the options are many.

So Vivaldi is an excellent browser for everyday use and this is what the Manjaro Cinnamon developers thought because they decided to replace Firefox with Vivaldi. This is one of the most important pieces of news of the last days in Linux, but it gives us an idea that the browser is very good and efficient.

Install Vivaldi on Debian 11

One of the few bad things about Vivaldi is that it is not open source. Besides that, it is not included in the official Debian 11 repositories, but its installation is not complex thanks to the DEB package provided by the developers.

To do so, go to the Vivaldi website and download the DEB package for Linux.

After downloading the package, you can install it by double-clicking on it or running it in the terminal.

cd Downloads
sudo apt install ./vivaldi*.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'vivaldi-stable' instead of './vivaldi-stable_4.1.2369.21-1_amd64.deb'
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fonts-liberation libu2f-udev
Recommended packages:
  adobe-flashplugin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fonts-liberation libu2f-udev vivaldi-stable
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
Need to get 834 kB/86.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 295 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

So when the process is finished, you can run it from the main menu.

Uninstalling Vivaldi web browser on Debian 11

In case you want to uninstall Vivaldi from the system, you only have to run the following command

sudo apt remove vivaldi

This will permanently remove the package.

Conclusion

With Vivaldi, we will be able to have everything we want a modern web browser to be. And with the certainty of being secure and private, it adds an extra. It’s not perfect, we miss the fact that it’s not open source, but it’s still a worthwhile application.

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What is Yarn?

Yarn is a package manager that doubles down as a project manager. Whether you work on one-shot projects or large monorepos, as a hobbyist or an enterprise user, we’ve got you covered.

Its main advantages are stability, speed of work, and ease of use. Another aspect to take into account is that Yarn is open source so we can examine the source code of the application without any problems.

On the other hand, Yarn has support for plugins that further increase the functionality of the application.

So, let’s go for it.

Install Yarn on Debian 11

The method recommended by the official Yarn documentation is using npm and therefore NodeJS. So, this has to be our first step.

How to install NodeJS on Debian 11?

After the installation is finished, you can install Yarn on Debian 11 by executing the following command

sudo npm install -g yarn
> yarn@1.22.11 preinstall /usr/lib/node_modules/yarn
> :; (node ./preinstall.js > /dev/null 2>&1 || true)

/usr/bin/yarn -> /usr/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
/usr/bin/yarnpkg -> /usr/lib/node_modules/yarn/bin/yarn.js
+ yarn@1.22.11
added 1 package in 1.073s

Then you can check the installed version with the following command

yarn --version
1.22.11

To always update Yarn to the latest version, you have to run the following command

yarn set version latest

Using Yarn

Once we have Yarn installed on our computer the next thing to do is to use it a little bit.

Create a new folder for the new project. For example project.

mkdir project

Access the folder and start the yarn project as follows

cd project
yarn init

And to add dependencies to the newly created project you can run

yarn add [package]

Or specify a specific version

yarn add [package]@[version]

If you want to remove any dependencies, just run

yarn remove [package]

To install all dependencies

yarn
yarn install

But you can also update the dependencies

yarn up [package]

Or by specifying a version

yarn up [package]@[version]

Finally, you can access all the Yarn commands by consulting the help

yarn help

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

Yarn is a fast tool that allows us to manage the packages of our web project that is more and more used worldwide. In this post, you learned how to install it on Debian 11.

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What is Apache web server?

The first thing to say is that when we talk about Apache web server, we are talking about httpd because that is what it is really called. What happens is that this project is sponsored and supported by the Apache Foundation that gives it the nickname.

You can also learn about the speed difference regarding Apache VS NGINX.

So, according to the official website of httpd we have the following definition.

The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and maintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX and Windows. The goal of this project is to provide a secure, efficient, and extensible server that provides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards.

So, it is one of the most widely used web servers in the world because it is secure, fast, and easy to administer. As expected, it is also compatible with many programming languages and therefore web applications.

The installation and administration of Apache are possible thanks to the powerful documentation that is available to everyone. I recommend you take a look at it

Install Apache web server on Debian 11

So, connect to your Debian 11 server and if you haven’t updated it, you can do it in the following way:

apt update
apt upgrade

You have to run these commands as the root user. In case you can use sudo then just use it before the commands I will show you

One of the best things about Apache is that we can find it in the official repositories of many distributions including Debian.

So, you can search the repositories as follows:

apt search apache2

And as result, you will see a lot of Apache-related packages.

To install Apache web server on Debian 11, just run the following command:

apt install apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libgdbm-compat4 liblua5.3-0 libperl5.32 mailcap mime-support
  perl perl-modules-5.32
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom www-browser perl-doc libterm-readline-gnu-perl | libterm-readline-perl-perl make
  libtap-harness-archive-perl
Recommended packages:
  ssl-cert
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libgdbm-compat4 liblua5.3-0 libperl5.32 mailcap
  mime-support perl perl-modules-5.32
0 upgraded, 15 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 9,725 kB of archives.
After this operation, 55.6 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

This way, after accepting the installation, it will start. As it is a lightweight web server, the process should not take too long.

Managing the Apache webserver service and testing the installation

By default, upon completion of the Apache installation, the service will be started and enabled. In any case, you can check the status of the service by running:

systemctl status apache2
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-08-17 21:54:55 CEST; 22s ago
       Docs: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/
   Main PID: 1963 (apache2)
      Tasks: 55 (limit: 2277)
     Memory: 9.1M
        CPU: 44ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
             ├─1963 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
             ├─1965 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
             └─1966 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

Aug 17 21:54:55 osradar systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Aug 17 21:54:55 osradar apachectl[1962]: AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1. Set the 'ServerName'>ug 17 21:54:55 osradar systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.

As you can see, the service is running correctly. If you want to stop it, run

systemctl stop apache2

And to start it:

systemctl start apache2

When making changes in the Apache configuration or some of its modules, you will have to restart the service to apply them. To do this, run

systemctl restart apache2

Now, we have to verify that the installation was successful and the best way is to use it.

So, the normal thing is that you are using a Firewall in Debian 11, in case you are, then make sure that the ports 80 and 443 are available.

In case you are using UFW then you can do it in the following way:

ufw allow 80
ufw allow 443

Now yes, you can open a web browser and visit http://your-server-ip and see the following screen

This way, the Apache web server is ready to use.

Install PHP with Apache web server on Debian 11

Apache’s utility is to serve websites. If these websites are static, that is, they are not created with a programming language, then there is no need to install anything else.

Realistically, however, the websites include functionality created in a programming language such as PHP. This language is one of the most popular and that is why it is convenient to install it together with Apache.

So, to install PHP and the add-on module with Apache, just run the following command

apt install php php-cli libapache2-mod-php
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libapache2-mod-php7.4 libsodium23 php-common php7.4 php7.4-cli php7.4-common php7.4-json php7.4-opcache php7.4-readline psmisc
Suggested packages:
  php-pear
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libapache2-mod-php libapache2-mod-php7.4 libsodium23 php php-cli php-common php7.4 php7.4-cli php7.4-common php7.4-json php7.4-opcache php7.4-readline psmisc
0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 4,490 kB of archives.
After this operation, 19.3 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

For the Apache webserver to recognize the module that allows it to work with PHP, it is necessary to restart the service.

systemctl restart apache2

And now, Apache and PHP are installed and working perfectly. To check this, create a file with PHP extension in the Apache root directory which is /var/www/html/.

nano /var/www/html/test.php

Inside this file, add some PHP code such as the phpinfo() method.

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Save the changes and close the editor.

Now try to open it from the web browser http://your-server-ip/test.php

So, the Apache web server is working correctly.

Conclusion

Apache web server is a very popular server whose installation allows novices to explore everything about this world. It can also be used in docker images for application deployment.

The post Install Apache web server on Debian 11 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

According to the Ionic website

An open-source mobile UI toolkit for building high quality, cross-platform native and web app experiences. Move faster with a single code base, running everywhere with JavaScript and the Web.

So with Ionic, we can develop applications with web technologies compatible with iOS, Android, or the web itself. It has a powerful CLI tool with which we can manage and create projects.

Free and open-source, Ionic offers a library of mobile-optimized UI components, gestures, and tools for building fast highly interactive apps. So products made with Ionic are modern, flexible, and visually pleasing.

So, this Framework is quite powerful and you should know how to use it.

Install Ionic on Ubuntu 20.04

The installation of Ionic is quite simple to perform, we just have to open a terminal and start updating the distribution

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Now install some necessary packages like curl, wget or git. This last one is vital because, without it, Ionic will not work.

sudo apt install curl gnupg2 wget git

The next step is to install NodeJS. The version I have chosen is 14.x.

So, add the repository of this version

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo bash -

Now, install NodeJS, by running

sudo apt install nodejs
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nodejs
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 22 not upgraded.
Need to get 25.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 121 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Ionic requires Apache cordova. If you don’t know, Apache Cordova is a set of device APIs that allow a mobile app developer to access native device functions such as the camera or accelerometer from JavaScript.

Since we already have NodeJS installed, then install Cordova by running

sudo npm install -g cordova
npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated har-validator@5.1.5: this library is no longer supported
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade  to version 7 or higher.  Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic.  See https://v8.dev/blog/math-random for details.
/usr/bin/cordova -> /usr/lib/node_modules/cordova/bin/cordova
+ cordova@10.0.0
added 491 packages from 266 contributors in 35.341s

Now install Ionic by running

sudo npm i -g @ionic/cli
/usr/bin/ionic -> /usr/lib/node_modules/@ionic/cli/bin/ionic
+ @ionic/cli@6.16.3
added 212 packages from 157 contributors in 16.663s

In the end, you can check the installed version

ionic -v
6.16.3

Creating a new app with Ionic

The best way to know if the installation has been successful is to create a new app. To do this, just run the following command

ionic start

When executing this command, you will have to define what type of project it is, if it is with Angular, Vue, or another. Also, you will have to give a name to your project and choose the template.

In the end, you will have an output screen similar to this one.

This will generate a folder with the name of your project. Access it to see the structure of the project.

cd [project_name]

To visualize the project, run

ionic serve --host 0.0.0.0.0 --port 8000

In this case, I am defining that any host can access port 8000. If you have installed Ionic on a server, this command will help you

Finally, open your web browser and go to http://localhost:8000 or http://your-server:8000 and you will see the following.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

Ionic is a modern, beautiful framework that allows us to develop cross-platform applications simply and elegantly. Now it’s up to you to take full advantage of it.

The post How to Install Ionic Framework on Ubuntu 20.04? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

As is well known to many HTTP is the protocol that allows the transfer of information over the web. This protocol was improved and evolved little by little until it reached version 2 which incorporates many advantages in security and performance.

HTTP/2 is a binary protocol that retains the same semantics as the HTTP1.X protocol, which means that all verbs, headers, etc. continue to work unchanged. This means that there is no need to rewrite the way connections are made in the server. With this new version, transfer speed is improved and connection security is added.

Some advantages of using this protocol instead of HTTP 1.x are:

• Faster loading speed
• Improved web positioning, thanks to the fact that Google values sites with better loading times.
• Less bandwidth consumption
• Immediate presentation of the results.

So if you have a website then you should enable HTTP/2 at the server level and you will learn how to do it today.

Enabling HTTP/2 on Nginx

In this case, I have used a clean install of Ubuntu 20.04. So, connect to it, and update it.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Proceed now, to install Nginx from the official Ubuntu repositories.

sudo apt install nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core libfontconfig1 libgd3 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libnginx-mod-http-image-filter libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter
  libnginx-mod-mail libnginx-mod-stream libtiff5 libwebp6 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxpm4 libxslt1.1 nginx-common nginx-core
Suggested packages:
  libgd-tools fcgiwrap nginx-doc ssl-cert
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core libfontconfig1 libgd3 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libnginx-mod-http-image-filter libnginx-mod-http-xslt-filter
  libnginx-mod-mail libnginx-mod-stream libtiff5 libwebp6 libx11-6 libx11-data libxau6 libxcb1 libxdmcp6 libxpm4 libxslt1.1 nginx nginx-common nginx-core
0 upgraded, 23 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,334 kB of archives.
After this operation, 11.6 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

At the end of the installation, it is convenient to check the status of the service.

sudo systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-07-19 18:30:45 CEST; 58s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
   Main PID: 1649 (nginx)
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 2286)
     Memory: 4.1M
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             ├─1649 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;
             └─1650 nginx: worker process

Jul 19 18:30:45 osradar systemd[1]: Starting A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
Jul 19 18:30:45 osradar systemd[1]: Started A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.

Now, it is necessary to obtain a new TLS certificate to enable HTTPS which is a previous step. This can be done quickly and easily using certbot and its nginx plugin.

To install them, run this command

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python3-acme python3-certbot python3-configargparse python3-future python3-josepy python3-mock python3-openssl python3-parsedatetime python3-pbr python3-pyparsing
  python3-requests-toolbelt python3-rfc3339 python3-tz python3-zope.component python3-zope.event python3-zope.hookable python3-zope.interface
Suggested packages:
  python3-certbot-apache python-certbot-doc python-acme-doc python-certbot-nginx-doc python-future-doc python-mock-doc python-openssl-doc python3-openssl-dbg
  python-pyparsing-doc
Recommended packages:
  python3-icu
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  certbot python3-acme python3-certbot python3-certbot-nginx python3-configargparse python3-future python3-josepy python3-mock python3-openssl python3-parsedatetime
  python3-pbr python3-pyparsing python3-requests-toolbelt python3-rfc3339 python3-tz python3-zope.component python3-zope.event python3-zope.hookable
  python3-zope.interface
0 upgraded, 19 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,143 kB of archives.
After this operation, 6,405 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

Get the certificate for Nginx and your domain like this

sudo certbot --nginx -d [your-domain] -d www.[your-domain]

Now to complete the HTTP/2 enablement you need to modify the ServerBlock file of your website.

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/your-domain.conf 

And add the following lines before the `http` section

listen [::]:443 ssl http2 ipv6only=on;
listen 443 ssl http2;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2;

In it, we indicate which is the protocol listening order that Nginx will use for the site configuration.

For more information on how to create a server block for a website, we have this post and the official Nginx documentation.

Save your changes and close the text editor.

In the end, restart Nginx to apply the changes.

sudo systemctl restart nginx

And with this, HTTP/2 on Nginx will be enabled.

So, enjoy it.

Conclusion

In this post, you have learned something fundamental to improve the loading and speed of your web pages. This protocol change is an advantage that you can use to your advantage. As you can see the process is not strange at all and it is usable.

The post How to enable HTTP/2 on Nginx web server appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

According to the project website, aaPanel is a Free and Open source Hosting Control Panel

In other words:

aaPanel, a simple but powerful control panel, can manage the web server through web-based GUI(Graphical User Interface).

Also, the app provides the one-click function such as one-click install LNMP/LAMP developing environment and software. So this application makes everything easy for the administration of a hosting.

With aaPanel you can Monitor your server resource occupancy in real-time, allowing you to better understand its load capacity. And many more things.

Install aaPanel on Ubuntu 20.04

aaPanel is not available from the official repositories of the distribution, but this does not mean that it can not be installed without problems.

So, the process is very simple thanks to an installation script provided by the developers. So, open a terminal or connect via SSH to your server and try to update them.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Before downloading the script I have to tell you that for this to work you need to have a fresh installation of the system. You do not have to have nginx or httpd installed.

Now, with the help of the wget command download the installation script:

wget -O install.sh http://www.aapanel.com/script/install-ubuntu_6.0_en.sh
--2021-05-10 20:57:05--  http://www.aapanel.com/script/install-ubuntu_6.0_en.sh
Resolving www.aapanel.com (www.aapanel.com)... 2606:4700:3034::ac43:ab07, 2606:4700:3031::6815:4fc4, 172.67.171.7, ...
Connecting to www.aapanel.com (www.aapanel.com)|2606:4700:3034::ac43:ab07|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 26868 (26K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘install.sh’

install.sh                                 100%[=====================================================================================>]  26.24K  --.-KB/s    in 0.1s    

2021-05-10 20:57:05 (178 KB/s) - ‘install.sh’ saved [26868/26868]

Afterward, you have to run this script to start the installation.

sudo bash install.sh

As soon as you start running the script, you will be asked where to install aapanel. I have left the default location.

Do you want to install aaPanel to the /www directory now?(y/n):

Then, the whole installation and configuration process will continue.

In the end, you will get an output screen similar to this one:

==================================================================
Congratulations! Installed successfully!
==================================================================
aaPanel Internet Address: http://[2a01:4f8:c2c:6f5e::1]:8888/96e034b7
aaPanel Internal Address: http://116.203.45.122:8888/96e034b7
username: o8wqyj61
password: d94132db
Warning:
If you cannot access the panel, 
release the following port (8888|888|80|443|20|21) in the security group
==================================================================
Time consumed: 1 Minute!

With this, it verifies that aaPanel is correctly installed and gives you the credentials to access that you can change later.

Remember to open the ports indicated in the firewall.

Access to aaPanel

Then, open a web browser and go to any of the addresses provided to access aapanel.

You will then see the login screen.

Once you have entered the default credentials, you will see the aaPanel main screen.

You can choose to install either LAMP or LEMP with a single click.

Also, you can check the installation process.

This will show you the main screen.

Conclusion

Applications like aaPanel make a sysadmin’s job easier. With it is possible to manage hosting easily and quickly without sacrificing useful options. As we have been able to demonstrate the installation process is quite simple and within everyone’s reach.

The post How to install aaPanel on Ubuntu 20.04? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.