What is SSH

SSH, or Secure Shell, is a protocol used to connect two computers together wirelessly. With this in mind, set up remote access through a secure channel. In this channel, information travels encrypted between computers. In addition to the protocol, SSH is also the name of the program that implements it.

Therefore, it is a kind of remote access to be able to exchange files between computers. In other words, it is a technology similar to other protocols such as FTP and Telnet. However, as we have already pointed out, it is more focused on system administrators. At user level, you have other simpler alternatives such as remote desktops or clouds for file sharing.

In addition to connecting computers and exchanging files, it also allows you to securely copy data from a computer to an external client that has connected using RSA keys. These are more secure than login passwords. You can also simulate encrypted FTP sessions in order to exchange them.

In its favor is the fact that it is a very versatile protocol. In fact, it allows you to connect to the computer you configure as a server both from an internal network and remotely. Indeed, you are not dependent on them sharing the same network or being close to each other. However, to have this freedom in the connection between computers, you first need to configure one as an SSH server. After that, you will be able to connect to it from other devices.

Disadvantages

On the downside is that, being designed for professional environments. It is certainly a bit complex to use. A user without a lot of computer knowledge might be intimidated by it. Because in the end, the quickest and easiest thing to do if you don’t have much of an idea is to simply set up a remote desktop. Another simple option is to share files in the cloud to access them from any computer.

Nowadays, you will be able to use SSH from virtually any computer, regardless of its operating system. This is because it is a function that is implemented mainly through multiple third-party applications. Some of them are complex and require the use of the command line. However, we will try to make it as easy as possible for you.

How to configure SSH in Windows 11

To configure SSH in Windows 11, you have to activate a computer as a server. With this in mind, turn on the PC where you are going to have the data you want to access from other computers. Next, open the Start menu and type services.msc. Finally, click on the Services application will appear to open it. Next we will see how to configure SSH in Windows 11.

This will take you to the Windows services window. In it, you have a list of services, and in it, you have to right-click on the OpenSSH SSH Server service. In the pop-up menu, you can do two things: click on Start to simply launch the SSH server, or click on Properties to be able to configure it.

Now, launch the Windows Terminal application. In this console, as if logging in as administrator, type the command:

New-NetFirewallRule -Name sshd -DisplayName 'OpenSSH Server (sshd)' -Service sshd -Enabled True -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -Action Allow -Profile Domain.

When you do this, you will have enabled everything necessary and opened port 22 to be able to access this computer with an SSH client from outside your home network. The last step will be to find out and write down the IP of this computer. This is something simple that you can do from a simple website like ipinfo.io/ip.

Configuring the client machine

Now, go to the computer from which you want to connect to the one you have configured as a server. You will need to download a SHH client to it. We will use a program called PuTTY that you can get from here. Download its installer for your version of Windows and install it.

The installation process is simple and clean, without adware or anything complicated. You only have to choose the destination folder or if you want shortcuts, and it will not try to put any application you don’t want.

And once you have installed it, using PuTTy is easy. Just type the IP address where it says Host Name and click on the Open button, indicating first that it is an SSH. If you want, you can click on the Save button to save this address and session. On the other hand, if you are an advanced user, this tool will offer you dozens of options.

Some useful Putty commands

Below is a list of the main commands:

• Special Command: allows executing directly a series of common commands on the working machine. This option can appear, or not, depending on the machine connected.
• Event Log: It shows a record that details all the processes and data generated in the connection.
• New Session:Allows you to return to the main screen of the program to create a new connection to the same or another server with different parameters.
• Restart Session: Close the open session and restart it to start working with it from the login.
• Duplicate Session: It will create a duplicate of the current session.
• Saved Sessions: This is direct access to the sessions saved in the program, along with its preferences.
• Change Settings: Allows you to change some parameters of the current session settings.
• Copy All to Clipboard: Copies the entire contents of the program’s buffer to the Windows clipboard.
• Clear Scrollback: It is equivalent to use the CLS or clear function. That is, it cleans the screen but does not clear the buffer.
• Reset Terminal: Re-start the session completely, starting from scratch. Clears the screen and the buffer.
• Full Screen: Converts the console to full screen, and pressing Alt+Enter returns it to its normal state.

Very well, this way we have seen how to configure SSH in Windows 11. See you soon!

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Debian 11 is the newest release of Debian which will include advanced packages and a huge number of improvements. Many users will do a system reinstall but we will rely on the power of Debian to do an upgrade from APT.

To do this we need to do some preliminary steps to ensure that the whole process is done correctly

…before starting the process

Before upgrading your system, it is strongly recommended that you make a full backup, or at least back up any data or configuration information you can’t afford to lose. Although the process is quite safe, it never hurts to prevent any problems.

Also, it is necessary that you remove any external repositories you have on the system and any packages that are not distributed by Debian. This will make the process even more reliable and avoid compatibility problems.

Remember that during the process some services will be interrupted so be prepared for that.

Upgrade from Debian 10 to Debian 11

Now edit the sources.list file containing the Debian repositories.

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

And leave the list of repositories as follows:

deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ bullseye-security main contrib non-free

However, if you have never used the contrib and non-free repositories, you can remove them.

Save your changes and close the text editor.

Then, refresh APT.

sudo apt update

And perform a mass upgrade of the system with the command

sudo apt full-upgrade

According to the Debian upgrade documentation, this command:

This will perform a complete upgrade of the system, installing the newest available versions of all packages, and resolving all possible dependency changes between packages in different releases. If necessary, it will install some new packages (usually new library versions, or renamed packages), and remove any conflicting obsoleted packages.

During the process, you will notice that you will be prompted to restart the services automatically.

And you will be prompted to change the stored password.

Also if you are in an SSH session, you will be asked if you want to update the service configuration file or keep it.

In the end, reboot the system.

And check the changes with Neofetch, for example.

Conclusion

The process of upgrading from Debian 10 to Debian 11 is not that complex. But it can always give a problem so it is recommended to be prepared for any unfortunate case. So, enjoy it.

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What is the purpose of KiTTY ?

This tool incorporates support for secure connections via HTTP or SOCKS proxy. And it adds default AES encryption for SSH connections. It also supports Blowfish and 3DES encryption algorithms. On the other hand, it uses Telnet. In short, this protocol allows remote access to any computer or server. This process uses terminal commands to remotely manage another computer. Seems a bit complicated? Well, tools such as KiTTY simplify the task.

In order to make this connection, two elements are necessary. First, a remote computer or server that supports Telnet with a user account. And then you need a local client. For example, KiTTY.

First steps to use KiTTY to connect to remote computers.

This is a free and open source program that can be downloaded from here. In addition to the installable, there is a portable version. In any case, it offers a very complete interface. Since it is full of options and customizable parameters. With the added advantage that everything is done from a single window. Well, this main window is divided into two sections. The left column shows the different categories and subcategories of the application. Consequently, just click on any of them and the parameters will be displayed in the right panel. In fact, the options range from the functionality to the appearance of the program.

Another interesting aspect is that KiTTY is ready to use. That is, with the default configuration, the app is ready to establish connections via Telnet. With this in mind, just click on Session. Then enter the credentials of the server to be connected. In fact, just specify the name of the server, the port to use, and the type of connection to set up. Finally, click on the Open button.

Types of remote connections supported by KiTTY

KiTTY supports many types of remote connections. Therefore, it is a versatile program. So it allows you to connect to many types of servers. Below we mention them:

• Raw
• Telnet
• Rlogin
• SSH
• ADB
• Serial

KiTTY main features

As mentioned, this app is packed with features. For example, it is possible to adapt the behavior with each type of connection independently. This is possible through the Connections section. It is also possible to manage a system of passwords and automated commands. In addition, it allows session filtering, running local scripts remotely, etc. It is also possible to manage other . Such as URL hyperlinks and ZModem integration. It even allows you to modify aspects related to the appearance of the program.

In short, it’s a very complete program. It allows us to connect to remote servers and PCs with KiTTY. Bye!

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PuTTY is a simple and free SSH connections manager in Windows 10

This is a free, open source software designed to manage the SSH protocol in Windows. Certainly the most recent versions of this system include its own client powered from CMD. It is even possible to use Bash’s client when configuring the Windows Subsystem for Linux. However, PuTTY offers a complete client with a multitude of options.

How to download PuTTY.

As mentioned, this software is totally free. Therefore, it can be downloaded for free from this link. Downloads for Windows are available for 32 and 64 bits. In addition, you can download the installer in .msi format. A portable binary is also available in .exe format. The latter is ideal for saving to a USB drive. However, if you want to keep data and settings, we recommend the installable version.

Basic use of PuTTY.

The main interface of this program is basically a kind of configuration menu. On the left side are all the options offered by the program. Additionally, in the right menu are the different sections. However, the section that interests us most is Session. Since it allows you to connect to a remote server. And consequently be able to manage SSH connections in Windows 10

How to connect to a server.

There are three basic elements to connect to a server. These are the IP address, the port to be used and the selected protocol. Changing the protocol will automatically change the port to the one used by that default protocol. However, it is still possible to change it manually. Below the connection data is the session section. There you can save the most common connections and invoke them again at any time. Finally, it is possible to choose what appears when closing the remote connection.

Once you have filled in the connection data, please click on Open. Immediately you will be shown the end, you must enter username and password and that’s it! You are now ready to start controlling a PC remotely.

PuTTY terminal options

Once connected to a remote terminal, the only thing we will see is the terminal to enter the corresponding commands. However, the window offers a simple but complete menu of options to control the session. To open it, just click on the icon in the upper left corner.

Below is a list of the main commands:

• Special Command: allows executing directly a series of common commands on the working machine. This option can appear, or not, depending on the machine connected.
• Event Log: It shows a record that details all the processes and data generated in the connection.
• New Session:Allows you to return to the main screen of the program to create a new connection to the same or another server with different parameters.
• Restart Session: Close the open session and restart it to start working with it from the login.
• Duplicate Session: It will create a duplicate of the current session.
• Saved Sessions: This is direct access to the sessions saved in the program, along with its preferences.
• Change Settings: Allows you to change some parameters of the current session settings.
• Copy All to Clipboard: Copies the entire contents of the program’s buffer to the Windows clipboard.
• Clear Scrollback: It is equivalent to use the CLS or clear function. That is, it cleans the screen but does not clear the buffer.
• Reset Terminal: Re-start the session completely, starting from scratch. Clears the screen and the buffer.
• Full Screen: Converts the console to full screen, and pressing Alt+Enter returns it to its normal state.

Ultimately we have taken a look at PuTTY a simple SSH connection manager in Windows. The program is very intuitive. Of course your ability will grow as you use it. Bye!

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PuTTY is a free application that allows you to make remote connections to any server or computer. Unlike other more advanced solutions, it does so using SSH and Telnet protocols. It is quite popular in Windows environments, and therefore sometimes forgets that there is version for Linux.

At this point, you may wonder what advantages the use of PuTTY brings over the use of the terminal and the SSH command. The truth is that with PuTTY we will have a lot of configurations to customize the connection. And all those configurations are available from a very simple and friendly graphical interface. So, this makes the job easier.

Recently version 0.73 has been released containing many patches that fix previous bugs. In fact, as indicated on the project website, these bugs brought security problems. So this version is very safe to use.

So, let us install it and use it.

Install and use PuTTY on Ubuntu 18.04 / Debian 10

One of the great advantages of PuTTY is that it is included in the official Ubuntu and Debian repositories. So the installation is a command away.

Then, open a terminal session and execute the following command:

:~$ sudo apt install putty

In case you are using Debian and do not have sudo enabled, I recommend you read this post:

How to enable sudo on Debian 10?

When the installation is finished, you can open the application with the following command:

:~$ putty

And you will see the following.

PuTTY comes with a pretty good default configuration. So to start with a connection at once, just enter the IP address or host you want to access. Then, we establish the port and the protocol. Also in this screen we will be able to save the configured session.

Clicking on Open will start the connection. If it is done for the first time, we will be shown a security warning.

Then Xterm will start and you will have to log in. In doing so, you will be able to use the connection.

As I told you at the beginning, PuTTY’s strength is its many options to configure. For example, it will look at the keyboard options we can configure.

Also, we can use a proxy to make the connection.

It is also possible to configure in depth the connection with the SSH protocol.

So, enjoy PuTTY.

Conclusion

PuTTY is one of those applications that can become necessary for daily work with SSH. It is light, fast, efficient and with many configuration options that will make it possible to connect to a server with all the ease and flexibility.

The installation is quite simple especially in Linux, so it is better to have it at hand.

Please share this post with your friends.

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Install SSH Server on Windows Server 2019

The first thing you have to do is open a PowerShell with administrative privileges. To do this, press the Win+X combination, then add the following command:

 Get-WindowsCapability -Online -Name Open* 

As you can see, the OpenSSH Client and OpenSSH Server packages are available for installation.

Next, we’re going to install the SSH client. With this intention please type the following command in a PowerShell with administrative privileges:

 Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0 

Check the operation of the SSH server.

To check the status of the SSH server installation, run the following commands:

 Get-Service sshd 
 Get-Service ssh-agent 

As you can see, the service is stopped. So before you start them, you need to enable them to start with Windows startup. With that intention write the following in the PowerShell:

 Start-Service sshd 
 Start-Service ssh-agent 

Testing the SSH server

Once the OpenSSH server is installed and configured in Windows Server, you only need to test it. If you want to know how to use an SSH client in Windows 10, please check here. Consequently, you only have to open a console from Windows 10 or any device with an SSH client and type the following:

 ssh administrator@PMserver

Please keep in mind that after the at you must type the name of the server you want to connect to. A warning window will appear, where you have to type Yes and then press Enter. Now, enter the password corresponding to the administrator user.

After entering the password, the connection is successfully established. Now you can enter any command as if it were physically in front of the server.

Installing the SSH client on Windows Server 2019.

After configuring the OpenSSH server, we will enable the SSH client. Consequently, we will be able to connect to another SSH server from our Windows Server computer. With this intention, type the following command in a PowerShell with administrative privileges:

 Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0

To test the functioning of the client, just type SSH.

Using the OpenSSH client

Next, let’s test the connection by opening a cmd and entering the ssh command, followed by the user name, the @ and the IP address of the server. Then, add the user’s password and press enter.

ssh coolr@192.168.X.XX

Finally, we access a remote computer using the SSH protocol.

Finally, we have seen how to enable a client and an SSH server in Windows Server. Under those circumstances, it is now possible to connect to any OpenSSH server. It is also possible to remotely access our server using this technology. That’s all for now, I hope you enjoyed this tutorial.

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Prerequisite

In order to enjoy all the benefits of this protocol, it is necessary to have a Windows version equal to or greater than 1803.

Installing the SSH client

First, let’s verify the SSH client installation. With this intention, enter in Windows Settings pressing the combination Win+I. Once there, select Apps

Then click on Optional features.

In the next window, you will see all the optional functions. Then scroll down to find the OpenSSH Client. In this case, the client is already installed, so there is nothing else to do. In case it is not, just click on the install button.

Add SSH server in Windows 10

From the previous screen please click on Add a feature:

Now scroll down and select OpenSSH Server. Press install and wait a few seconds while the function is installed. Once the action is executed, please restart the computer to confirm the changes.

Configure OpenSSH Server to start with Windows.

From now on the client and the SSH server are installed. For the SSH server to be activated every time we start Windows we will have to do the following. Press the Win+R combination and run services.msc

Then scroll down and select OpenSSH SSH Server and OpenSSH Authentication Agent:

Now what we are going to do is to activate them so that they start every time you start Windows. With that intention double-click on OpenSSH Authentication Agent and in the startup type select Automatic. Then press Apply and finally accept.

We will repeat this procedure with the OpenSHH SSH Server Service

As we did in the previous step, restart the computer to set the changes. With these steps, we will be able to install the server and the SSH client in Windows 10.

Testing the SSH client and server

After restarting the computer, it is necessary to verify if the SSH services are active. To do this, open a PowerShell as administrator by pressing the Win+X combination.

Then execute the following command:

 Get-Service -Name *ssh* 

If all goes well, you will see the next result in the PowerShell, showing the two services running:

Configuring the Windows firewall

In order to have access to our computer through SSH we have to configure the Windows Firewall. To do this we open a PowerShell as administrator and execute the following command:

.\netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="SSHD Port" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=22 

It then tests whether the SSH server is listening on port 22. For this purpose, from a PowerShell with administrator privileges runs the following command:

.\netstat -bano | .\more.com

Connect to an SSH server from Windows.

From now on we can connect remotely to an SSH server. To execute it, it is necessary to know 3 parameters:

• User name
• Server IP Address
• Know the port where the SSH server is listening. In this case, the port is 22.
• User password

Once this data is known, open a PowerShell and run the following command:

 ssh -p 22 coolr@192.168.1.58

Then add the password to access the remote computer. And you will have access via PowerShell to the SSH server.

Conclusion

Finally, we have seen how to install an SSH client and server in Windows 10. This way we will be able to remotely manage any device that uses this protocol. Additionally, security is increased because the communication between host and client is encrypted. In this way, our data remains safe from possible attackers. This is all for the moments, before saying goodbye I want to invite you to see our post about Telnet in Windows Server.

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Looking for an SSH client? Termius is here

Termius is an application that can be installed in multiple systems. That is, it is cross-platform. It has versions for iOS, Android, Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. Its main advantage is that it not only supports SSH but other Telnet or Mosh protocols.

On the other hand, Termius offers us the possibility to synchronize our data between the different versions of the application. Do not worry, its developers say it is secure because it incorporates end-to-end encryption. In addition, Termius gathers commands from all your servers and provides suggestions while you type.

In addition to all this, termius It is Mosh-compatible, providing excellent reliability on high-latency constantly changing connections. This makes it ideal on slow connections or on a 3G mobile network.

With Termius you can do the following:

• Add several hosts. In this way, you simplify the connection process.
• Arrange hosts into groups. These groups can be used not only for the organization but to define a set of defaults for newly created hosts in that group.
• Tags provide a convenient way for you to categorize your hosts.

And many other features that you can consult in the project documentation.

How to install Termius?

As I mentioned before, the application supports several platforms including mobile. In the case of our beloved Linux, the development team provides a Snap-based installer. This has many advantages such as the ease of installation and that we can install it on any distribution that supports snap.

So open a terminal and run the following command:

:~$ sudo snap install termius-app

Then just wait for the application to be installed and start enjoying it.

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SSH, or Secure Shell, is a remote administration protocol that allows users to control and modify their remote servers over the Internet or on a LAN. One of its main characteristics is that it encrypts the connection session, making it impossible for anyone to obtain non-encrypted passwords. The port SSH uses is 22.

SSH and the importance of encryption

Many people don’t take the time to learn or use security tools. Fortunately SSH performs this whole process without the user taking sides on it, however, it is convenient to learn a little about it.

By default, the SSH operates on TCP port 22. The protocol then initiates communications to authenticate the client, ensuring that opening the connection is possible only if verification is successful. These credentials pass securely through the symmetrically encrypted tunnel, so there is no chance that they will be captured by a third party.

Once these credentials are confirmed, the server starts the connection process. First, it performs session encryption negotiation, in which they basically choose which encryption protocol will be used, and user authentication as such.

The objective is not to give you a security and encryption class, but to serve as a brief notion about SSH. And that you can understand that security when it comes to access to servers is of vital importance.

Install SSH on Ubuntu 18.04

In the first place, it is necessary to install the SSH package. It is available from Ubuntu’s official repositories and you won’t have to do much more. run:

:~$ sudo apt install ssh

Ubuntu by default will activate the SSH service, but it is always convenient to check. Run:

:~$ sudo systemctl status ssh

As you can see in the image, the service is running correctly.

Now you can use another computer to remotely access the server.

Using SSH

To access the server remotely, it’s really simple. The nomenclature of the command is ssh user@server. On the server, you can enter the IP address or the domain. For example:

:~$ ssh angelo@192.168.1.1
or
:~$ ssh angelo@osradar.local.com

In both cases, you will attempt access. Presumably, if the firewall has blocked port 22 on the server, the connection will be denied.

And that’s it, this will give you access to the server.

A little more security for SSH

Although SSH is a very secure protocol that receives constant security updates, it is possible to make certain configurations to increase its reliability. Run:

:~$ sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

In this file, you will have many options to configure. Everything will depend on your preferences and your needs.

It’s always a good idea to change the port SSH uses. We all know that the default port is 22.

Another thing you can modify is the time the user has to log in. Look in the Authentication section for the LoginGraceTime entry.

It is equally important to disable access to the root user. Doing so will ensure that the root cannot be invoked remotely and thus greatly improve security. Go to PermitRootLogin and type no.

In addition, you can limit the number of attempts allowed. If a person knows his user and password he won’t need many attempts. On MaxAuthTries define the number you want.

Enable SSH on Ubuntu 18.04

Finally, you have to manipulate the SSH service. If you want to stop it:

:~$ sudo systemctl stop ssh

To enable it and get it to start along with the system.

:~$ sudo systemctl enable ssh

and finally, if you want to start it:

:~$ sudo systemctl start ssh

The use of SSH is simple but very powerful and becomes the most commonly used protocol to remotely access servers that are not physically available.

We want to read you, have you used SSH? Do you know any tricks? Do you enable SSH on your system? Tell us in the comments

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