What is a DNS?

Let’s start at the beginning. DNS stands for Domain Name System. Its mission is to translate domain names into associated binary identifiers or IP addresses. In other words, DNS allows you to type the name of a network (example: osradar.com) when in reality you would have to access an IP address. Imagine how cumbersome it would be to have to memorize the IPs of the websites you want to access. In short, DNS translates domain names thanks to a distributed and hierarchical database.

There is no single DNS. We generally use the DNS provided by the operator. However, there are alternative DNS from Google, Cloudfare and others. The different options have additions such as more speed, security or more reliability. And these DNS are what we need to know when activating the DoH function in Windows 11. Our provider offers a default DNS configuration. However, we can change it for other alternatives. Furthermore, these other options give more speed, reliability, stability and more security. Some allow access to parental control, allow skipping blocking of some websites, or even offer protection against phishing. There are many options to choose from. Consequently, we just need to know the advantages and disadvantages of each provider.

Some popular DNS are:

• Google (8.8.8.8/8.8.4.4).
• Cloudflare (1.1.1.1/1.0.0.1)
• OpenDNS Home (208.67.222.222/208.67.220.220)

However, there are many other options. You can consult a list of the best DNS for Windows here.

How to Enable DoH in browsers

We can easily activate DoH in browsers. Either in Firefox, Chrome, or Edge. With Windows 11, we will also be able to activate it in the web browser. As a result, we will surf the Internet with more privacy and security. Regarding Chrome and Edge, the steps are simple: just type chrome://flags/#dns-over-https in the browser’s search bar, and it will automatically take us to the Flags section. Once there, you will see a series of enabled and disabled options. Just look for the one that says Secure DNS lookups. Next to it, a drop-down menu where we will have to choose Enabled to activate DNS over HTTPS.

How to Enable DNS over HTTPS in Windows 11

As we have seen previously, we can activate it from the different browsers. However, it is more convenient to activate it by default. That is to say, that it is a unique and general configuration for any installed browser. In this way, we will not only improve the security and privacy of connections in web browsers. In fact, we will also increase this aspect in the connections of the computer connected to the network. Let’s take a look at the steps to follow.

• Press the Win+I combination to go to Windows Settings. Once there, click on Network & Internet.

• Next, click on the type of network you are currently connected to. In my case, I connect via wireless, so I click on Wi-Fi. However, depending on your situation, you could also click on Ethernet.

• Consequently, we will see a series of sections related to the available networks. In fact, from here we will be able to manage the networks. However, the option that interests us is Wi-Fi Properties. Just click there.

Editing DNS values

In this new window, we will see the properties of the specific connected network. We will also be able to modify aspects such as IP assignment or manage the network type. However, the option that interests us is the DNS server assignment. Consequently, click on Edit.

In the new screen, please change the setting from automatic to manual.

As you can see, there are a couple of switches corresponding to IPV4 and IPV6. Therefore, you have to activate them to start the configuration. Now you just have to fill in the Preferred DNS and Alternate DNS values. At this point, you just have to choose one from the list we referred to above. You can apply the parameters to both connection types.

However, the step that interests us is the one related to DoH. Well, we have to edit the preferred DNS encryption field. You must select Encrypted only (DNS over HTTPS).

Back to the previous screen, you can see the new values already set.

How to change it in Windows 10

If you have Windows 10 the steps are also elementary. In the same way, they are done from Windows Settings, specifically from the Wi-Fi or Ethernet section.

• We open the configuration of our computer
• Go to the Settings, Network, and Internet section.
• In the menu on the left, choose Status
• Here you will see your current network you are connected to.
• You will see the Properties button and Data usage.
• Click on Properties.

You will access a window with general information about the network. In fact, we will see information about the network profile, the metered usage connection, etc. Please click on the IP Configuration. From here on, just repeat the steps mentioned above. That is, in the same way as for Windows 11.

Okay, so ultimately we have seen how to enable DNS over HTTPS in Windows 11. Privacy and security is a major concern for many users. Consequently, you can take these tips to increase it. See you soon!

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What are Firefox Multi-Account containers

It is a tool that will allow you to separate work, shopping and personal navigation. Plus, without having to delete history, log in and out or use another browser. Specifically, the containers are based on tabs. However, they behave differently from normal tabs. In effect, the visited web pages will have access to a separate area of the browser storage. Therefore, browsing preferences will not be transferred to another container tab. In short, each container will maintain its settings independently from the others.

We have already established that when we surf the Internet, we leave a trail. This happens thanks to cookies and trackers. We certainly cannot do without cookies. Indeed, we would not be able to log in. But if we use a container, then we would limit the tracking to the information in it. On the other hand, it is possible to log in to several accounts at the same time. For example, we could use our work Gmail account and our personal Gmail account in each container. It also offers greater protection in case of a cyberattack. For example, a link will only affect one container. It also allows you to assign a web page to a specific container so that it will always open there. Finally, it allows differentiating between work and personal containers. So, it is possible to open one or the other depending on where you are.

How to install multi-account containers in Firefox

The first thing you need to do is to open Mozilla Firefox. Next, let’s add the extension. With this in mind, please visit this link. You will immediately see a screen like the following one. Please click on Add to Firefox.

Just grant the appropriate permissions, and wait a few moments while the add-on is added.

How Firefox multi-account containers work.

To start using this tool, just click on the icon in the upper-right corner.

After clicking on Get Started, a wizard will show us the most important features. In addition, we will be able to synchronize the containers. We will not use this option for the moment. Therefore, just click Not now. Therefore, we are now ready to start using the containers. Consequently, we will see a list of available containers. To start, click on the “work” container.

A new tab for this container will open immediately. In fact, we notice that it has a different color assigned to it. In addition, the name of the container and its respective icon appear in the address bar.

Another way to access a container is to press and hold the + symbol. From there, it is also possible to manage Firefox multi-account containers.

Learn how to create, edit and delete a Firefox container

As we have seen, there are four default containers. Namely: Personal, Work, Banking and Shopping However, it is possible to create some customized ones. Let’s see how to do it. With this in mind, click on the Containers icon. Once there, click on Manage Containers.

In the next menu, click on New Container.

Next, it is time to customize the container. Accordingly, assign a name, color, and icon for the new container. When you are done, just click OK to finish.

Back to the previous menu, you will see the new container created.

If you go to the Manage Containers menu, you can delete the container.

How to make a website always open in a container

Let’s try a page that is not associated with any container. Once we open it, click on the container icon. Then choose the container.

From now on, when you open the page, you will see a screen like the following one.

Depending on what you decide, you can open the page in the current container. Or just open it in the Osradar container. Moreover, it is possible to set the action permanently. Okay, so we have seen what Firefox Multi-Account containers are. From now on, you can use this option to increase the privacy in your aspects. Bye!

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How to use Lantern to avoid Internet censorship.

This is a free, cross-platform application. It is available for Windows, Mac, ubuntu, android, and iOS. Its main function is to offer private, secure, fast, and stable navigation. In this way, it is possible to access potentially blocked content. This last aspect is what makes the tool so interesting. It allows access to content that is restricted. This happens because there are sites that work in certain geographical areas. Or it also happens when there is governmental censorship. For this, Lantern uses geographically optimized servers. As a result, browsing is faster and more stable. In addition, it uses various techniques to circumvent possible firewalls. If one of the techniques fails, it automatically switches to another correct server. In this way, it manages to connect successfully.

Configuring Lantern for private navigation

This tool has a simple and easy-to-configure interface. Therefore, we only need a few steps to start enjoying it. The first thing you have to do is to download it from its official website. As already mentioned, it is also possible to use it on mobile devices. However, we will use the Windows version. So once downloaded just install it like any other Windows program. After the installation is finished, it will start running in the background. We will be able to check this with the tool icon in the taskbar. In addition, it will open a window of the browser that we are using. This window allows you to verify the connection. In addition, it invites us to switch to Pro mode. In addition, we will see the status of the connection and the connected server.

Lantern Settings Options

Please note that the program does not require user creation. In fact, you only need to install it to start using it. However, the Pro option does require registration and a fee. This gives access to additional options. However, the free version is more than enough for home use.We have already mentioned that there is a program icon in the taskbar. From there it is possible to disconnect, close the program or open the configuration. It is also possible to go from the icon at the top right of the configuration screen. Then just click on Settings.

Once there we will be able to manage several elements. For example, the language, the sending of statistics or the type of program startup. Additionally, there are other advanced settings. There you will find the browsing options related to the proxy.

To switch off the program, simply turn it off from the startup screen. Just click on the connection button. You can also do it from the icon in the taskbar. In short, we have seen how to avoid censorship on the Internet. Certainly another option to escape from the regulations imposed from the power. See you soon!

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How to activate DoH in Google Chrome

To use DoH in the Chrome browser, put this in the URL field:

chrome://flags

The advanced configuration options for Chrome will be displayed immediately. Please, inside the search engine enter DNS and then select Secure DNS Lookup. Then change the option to Enabled. Finally, restart the browser to set the changes.

How to activate DoH on Microsoft Edge

The new version of Microsoft Edge uses Chromium, which is the same engine as Chrome. Well, to enable this technology in this browser, please enter the following text in the navigation bar:

edge://flags/#dns-over-https 

Select the option highlighted in yellow. And in the menu on the right, enable DoH.

How to activate DoH in Mozilla Firefox

To activate this protocol in Mozilla Firefox it is necessary to enter the browser options. With this intention, please enter the following text in the navigation bar:

about:preferences

Once there, scroll down to the Network Settings.

A new window with all the network options will be displayed immediately. Please scroll down until you get to the DoH related option. Please check the box to enable it, and then select the DNS provider. Again, restart the browser to set the changes.

Conclusion

Ultimately we have seen how to enable DoH in Chrome, Edge, and Firefox. This way providers will not be able to know which web you visit. This represents a breakthrough in privacy and security. This is all for now before I say goodbye I invite you to see our post about how to free ram memory in Windows 10. Bye!

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What is DNS over HTTPS (DoH)

This is a new security and privacy standard for encrypting DNS requests that run inside the browser. When entering a website, the browser makes a request over the Internet to get the site’s IP address. This is the standard procedure, the problem is that this request is made through a non-encrypted connection. Consequently, an attacker could intercept it and view the website you visit. And what is worse, get the data you are entering causing a security hole for the user. Under those circumstances, is developed, DNS over HTTPS. This is a new security and privacy standard for encrypting DNS requests that run inside the browser. The protocol ensures that the domain name sent to the DNS server makes use of an encrypted HTTPS connection, thus replacing the plain text connection. This prevents an intruder from seeing the sites we are visiting.

How to enable DNS over HTTPS in Google Chrome

Please note that this feature is not yet officially available in Chrome. So it may suffer errors. However, it is possible to enable it on an experimental basis. With this in mind, please copy the following text and paste it into the search bar:

chrome://flags 

In the search field, please enter DNS and then select Secure DNS Lookup.

As you can see the Default value is set. In this case, it means that the protocol is disabled. What we are going to do is modify this value and change it to Enabled.

To make the changes effective, please press the Relaunch button. Once restarted Chrome you can see that DNS over HTTPS has been enabled:

How to enable DNS over HTTPS in Google Chrome by editing the shortcut

Another method that Google Chrome offers us to activate DoH is by editing the shortcut. With this in mind, select the shortcut on the desktop and right-click the mouse to enter the properties:

In the displayed window we go to the tab Direct access and in the field Target we go to the end of the text, leave a space and paste the following:

--enable-features="dns-over-https<DoHTrial" --force-fieldtrials="DoHTrial/Group1" --force-fieldtrial-params="DoHTrial.Group1:server/https%3A%2F%2F1.1.1.1%2Fdns-query/method/POST 

Now, click on Apply and OK to set the changes.

How to enable DNS over HTTPS in Microsoft Edge Beta

The procedure in Edge Beta is very similar to the procedure in Chrome. The first thing you have to do is go to the browser search bar and add the next text:

edge://flags  

From this point on you only have to repeat the same steps as above. For that reason I only attach the corresponding images:

In this way, we have enabled DNS over HTTPS in Edge Beta and Chrome. Now we will be able to use this protocol and surf more securely on the internet. In this globalized world, any additional security measure is very useful. This is all for the moments, before saying goodbye I invite you to see our post about MySQL in Windows 10.

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Why this is necessary?

When in a web browser like Firefox we type a web address in the address bar, for example, www.osradar.com it happens that the browser sends a request to the Internet to find out what is the IP address associated with that address. Once it finds it, it will start loading the website.

All this sounds great and it works, but there is one drawback. This request made by the web browser is made using plain text, i.e. without any type of filtering. This causes Internet providers or other people to be able to intercept the request and know which websites you are accessing.

To avoid this, Mozilla has been working for some time on a new feature that allows sending the DNS request as one more HTTPS request and encrypting it. This feature is called DNS-over-HTTPS.

The immediate benefits are the privacy and security of knowing that no one can know which sites you want to access. And this includes your internet provider or cyber thieves.

However, there is one thing to keep in mind. Since this is a very secure feature, it is possible to slow down the loading speed of web pages, but according to Mozilla the impact is minimal.

So, if you like privacy, and want to be a little more secure, you have to enable DNS-over-HTTPS.

How to enable DNS-over-HTTPS?

To be a very important feature, enabling it is quite simple. First, go to the Firefox main menu. This is the button that has the three horizontal bars on the right.

Then click on Preferences.

In the General section, at the end, you will see a button with the Network options. Click on that button.

Scroll down and at the end, you will see the Enable DNS over HTTPS box. There you will see that Cloudflare is the default provider due to the collaboration between this company and Mozilla. Obviously you can change it.

Apply the changes by clicking on the Ok button and you’re done.

This way, now your web browsing is more private and secure. It is expected that soon this feature will be enabled by default in future versions of Firefox.

Conclusion

It is never too much to take extra safety measures when surfing the internet. Therefore, Mozilla implements DNS-over-HTTPS so that our DNS requests are protected against third parties who want to violate our privacy on the network.

For more information, Mozilla’s site for DNS-over-HTTPS is great.

Finally you can read about:

How to improve the Firefox scroll Down?

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Installing Wget in Windows 10

Wget is a free tool and relatively simple to install in a Linux environment. Just type the appropriate commands to each distribution, and you’re done. However, when it comes to Windows, the situation changes. There are many installers and options that end up with installation errors. However, we’ve got this version that works properly. Go to this link and download version 1.11.4-1

Next, we proceed to run the installer. Just double click and the wizard will start, press next to continue:

Then accept the license terms, and click Next to continue the installation.

Select the folder where the program will be installed. Click next to continue the installation.

Next, select the components to install. To ensure proper operation, check both boxes and press Next to continue the installation.

Next, you can create direct access to the application and its respective location

You can install additional icons. Click Next to continue

Verify the installation options and press Install to finish the process.

Once the installation is finished, we will see the following screen.

Using Wget in Windows 10

Please note that Wget does not have a graphical interface, so you will have to use it through command in the CMD. To check that the program is actually installed, please go to the installation directory. Depending on the installation options selected, it should be as follows:

C:\Program Files (x86)\GnuWin32\bin

What we need to do is open a command prompt. With this intention, press the Win+R combination and type CMD

Once there, use the CD command to navigate to the file location mentioned above. Then type Wget to use the program.

Add environment variable

We have correctly installed Wget. However, to be able to use it we always have to navigate to the installation folder of the program. This is cumbersome, so if we want to use Wget from any directory, we need to add an environment variable. With this in mind, please follow this path: Control Panel>System and Security>System>Advanced system settings

On the next screen, choose Environment Variables

Next, we are going to create a new environment variable. With that intention, please select Path and press Edit.

On the next screen first select New, then Browse. You must select the address where the program is installed.

Press ok in each of the open windows, and we can run Wget every time we open a Command Prompt. It doesn’t matter which directory we’re in. Let’s test the Wget command, downloading its executable for windows 10. With this intention, we enter this command in the CMD

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/gnuwin32/files/wget/1.11.4-1/wget-1.11.4-1-setup.exe/download

Using Wget in Windows Subsystem for Linux

We have already seen how to use bash in windows 10. Through WSL we can also use Wget natively. To do this, we’ll open ubuntu and run the following command:

 sudo apt-get install wget 

Enter your password, and wait while the program is installed. Now we are ready to use wget in Windows 10.

Finally, we have seen how to install Wget in Windows 10. We can do it natively or using the Windows Subsystem for Linux. Both methods are valid for using this powerful download tool. Not only will we have access to files, but also to complete pages so that they can run offline. All right, that’s it for now, if you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask. We are here to serve! until next time!

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Thanks to the world of devs, there’s another alternative solution to the problem – Caddy Web Server. It’s a really nice alternative to all those popular choices. It also comes with HTTPS by default, saving a lot of hassle and problem in the start.

Let’s take a look on installing Caddy in our system.

Installing Caddy Web Server

For installing Caddy in our Linux system, we’re going to use cURL. Caddy works the same on all the available platforms including all the normal Linux versions and server editions. It’s because Caddy loves to distribute their software with the help of a specialized bash script instead of adding software repo.

Run the following command:

curl https://getcaddy.com | bash -s personal

In this demo, we’ll be running the Caddy “personal” (free) edition. It’s free of course, but for larger organizations and for higher usage, you should get the commercial edition. However, the commercial one is a bit costly. You can check out the commercial price plans here.

If you want to install the commercial version of Caddy Web Server, run the following command:

curl https://getcaddy.com | bash -s commercial

After the script finishes downloading and installing Caddy, it’ll be installed in /usr/local/bin/ directory. Now, run the following command for modifying the Caddy binary.

sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+ep /usr/local/bin/caddy

Configuring Caddy

Now, we have to configure the server. Let’s get going.

Enable root access:

su

OR

sudo -s

Create the directories where Caddy will operate:

mkdir /etc/caddy
mkdir /etc/ssl/caddy
mkdir /var/www

Note that if your server already contains “/var/www/” directory, you can skip the last command.

Now, create a new “Caddyfile”:

touch /etc/caddy/Caddyfile

Update the folder permission of the Caddy sub-folder:

chmod 0770 /etc/ssl/caddy

Now, chown the “/var/www” directory.

chown www-data: /var/www

For working properly with the “systemd”, run the following commands:

touch /lib/systemd/system/caddy.service
nano /lib/systemd/system/caddy.service

Paste the following code into the editor, then “Ctrl + O” to save the file and “Ctrl + X” to close the editor

[Unit]
Description=Caddy HTTP/2 web server
Documentation=https://caddyserver.com/docs
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitInterval=86400
StartLimitBurst=5

User=www-data
Group=www-data
; Letsencrypt-issued certificates will be written to this directory.
Environment=CADDYPATH=/etc/ssl/caddy

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/caddy -log stdout -agree=true -conf=/etc/caddy/Caddyfile -root=/var/tmp
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR1 $MAINPID

LimitNOFILE=1048576
LimitNPROC=64

PrivateTmp=true
PrivateDevices=true
ProtectHome=true
ProtectSystem=full
ReadWriteDirectories=/etc/ssl/caddy

; The following additional security directives only work with systemd v229 or later.
; They further retrict privileges that can be gained by caddy. Uncomment if you like.
; Note that you may have to add capabilities required by any plugins in use.
;CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
;AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
;NoNewPrivileges=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Restart “caddy.service”:

systemctl enable caddy.service
systemctl start caddy.service

Setting up domains

Now, it’s just normal configuration like most other servers to perform some configurations. Let’s start with the domain folder.

Edit the “Caddyfile” for activating your new domain. Don’t forget to change the names with your domain name.

mkdir -p /var/www/osradar.com/
nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile

# Paste the following code for activating your domain on Caddy

domain-demo.com {
root /var/www/osradar.com
}

Restart the “caddy.service”:

systemctl restart caddy.service

Enjoy Caddy! Check out installing MariaDB server on CentOS 6/7 and Fedora 27/28.

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