GlusterFS is a multi-scalable file system for NAS initially developed by Gluster Inc. A Gluster would allow us to connect two machines that will write simultaneously on the same disc, agreeing on the writer.

Most of the GlusterFS functionalities are implemented as translators, including:

• Mirroring and file replication.
• Fragmentation of the files or Data striping.
• Load balancing for reading and writing files.
• Fault-tolerant volumes.
• I/O planning and disk caching.
• The storage quotas.

So, in this post, we will use two nodes, one server, and one client.

0. What do we need?

For this tutorial, we will use two nodes. The first one will do the server functions. Here is the partition we want to replicate. The other will be the client and will contain the partition where the data will be replicated.

On Node 1 (Server):

• Hostname: gluster1.osradar.local
• O.S:  Debian 10
• Memory: 1gb
• Ip Address: 192.168.250.200
• Disk: 8gb /dev/sda

On Node 2:

• Hostname: gluster2.osradar.local
• O.S:  Debian 10
• Memory: 1gb
• Ip Address: 192.168.250.210
• Disk: 8gb /dev/sda

So, let us start.

1) Configure DNS on both nodes

In both nodes, it is necessary to edit the hosts file to indicate them that they will work with nodes in network communicated with an IP address and a hostname.

Open the terminal on both nodes and run the following:

:~$ su
:~# nano /etc/hosts

And add the following:

192.168.250.200 gluster1.osradar.local gluster1
192.168.250.210 gluster2.osradar.local gluster2

Save the changes and exit the text editor.

2) Install GlusterFS on Debian (Both nodes)

Then install GlusterFS on both nodes. The good thing is that it’s in the official Debian repositories, so it’s pretty easy to do.

On the terminal, run the following:

:~# apt install glusterfs-server

Then, start and check the service status.

:~# systemctl start glusterd
:~# systemctl status glusterd
● glusterd.service - GlusterFS, a clustered file-system server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/glusterd.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-08-08 15:22:29 EDT; 27s ago
Docs: man:glusterd(8)
Process: 8708 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/glusterd -p /run/glusterd.pid --log-level $LOG_LEVEL $GLUSTERD_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 8709 (glusterd)
Tasks: 8 (limit: 893)
Memory: 2.8M
CGroup: /system.slice/glusterd.service
└─8709 /usr/sbin/glusterd -p /run/glusterd.pid --log-level INFO

Aug 08 15:22:26 osradar systemd[1]: Starting GlusterFS, a clustered file-system server...
Aug 08 15:22:29 osradar systemd[1]: Started GlusterFS, a clustered file-system server.

So, GLusterFS is running.

3) Add storage on both nodes

In this post, we are assuming that both nodes have a secondary hard disk in /dev/sdb of 8Gb. However, you have to create a partition and format it with a file system.

For this, I will use fdisk and its commands to make the partition.

:~# exit
:~$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda

Write these options to create the partition.

Command (m for help): n
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
press enter
press enter
Command (m for help): p
Command (m for help): w

Remember replace /dev/sdb by your disk.

Then, format the partition. After that, create a folder and mount the partition on it.

:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
:~$ sudo mkdir -p /data/glusterfs
:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /data/glusterfs

It is recommended to make the partition automate at the beginning of the system. So for that, add this line to fstab.

:~$ echo "/dev/sdb1 /data/glusterfs ext4 defaults 0 0" | sudo tee --append /etc/fstab

4) Creating a GlusterFS volume on Debian 10

Now it is necessary to create a new GlusterFS volume. But first, tell node 1 that node 2 is reliable. Simply put, add it to the cluster.

On node 1:

:~$ sudo gluster peer probe gluster2.osradar.local
peer probe: success.

Now check that it has been added correctly.

:~$ sudo gluster peer status
:~$ sudo gluster pool list

Then on both node create the folder and the volume.

:~$ sudo mkdir -p /data/glusterfs/glustervolume

On Node 1 create the volume:

:~$ sudo gluster volume create glusterfsvolume replica 2 gluster1.osradar.local:/data/glusterfs/glustervolume gluster2.osradar.local:/data/glusterfs/glustervolume
volume create: glusterfsvolume: success: please start the volume to access data

Now start the new volume:

:~$ sudo gluster volume start glusterfsvolume
volume start: glusterfsvolume: success

The configuration on the server is ready.

5) Install GlusterFS on Debian 10 (Client)

On the server-side everything is done, just do a little configuration on the client.

First, install the glusterfs package.

:~# apt install glusterfs-client

Then, create a folder to locate the GlusterFS volume data. After this, mount the volume.

:~# mkdir -p /mnt/glusterfsvolume
:~# mount -t glusterfs gluster1.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolume /mnt/glusterfsvolume

Remember open the right ports and incoming host.

It is recommended to have it automatically mounted to have immediate availability. You can do it with the following command:

:~# echo "gluster1.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolume /mnt/glusterfsvolume/ glusterfs  defaults,_netdev 0 0" | tee --append /etc/fstab

And that is it. You can start to replicate. To test it, just create some files in the volume folders and see how they replicate on the other server and on the client.

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Most of the GlusterFS functionalities are implemented as translators, including:

• Mirroring and file replication.
• Fragmentation of the files or Data striping.
• Load balancing for reading and writing files.
• Fault tolerant volumes.
• I/O planning and disk caching.
• The storage quotas.

In this tutorial, we will cluster using GlusterFS between two server machines that are using CentOS 7

0.- Requeriments

To make this turtorial we will use three computers with GNU/LINUX systems, must have at least 1gb of ram and use 64bits systems, also a separate hard disk in /dev/sdb.

Server 1:

• Hostname: gluster1.osradar.local
• O.S:  CentOS 7
• Memory: 1gb
• Ip Address: 192.168.1.9
• Disk: 8gb /dev/sdb

Server 2:

• Hostname: gluster2.osradar.local
• O.S:  CentOS 7
• Memory: 1gb
• Ip Address: 192.168.1.10
• Disk: 8gb /dev/sdb

1.- Configuring DNS (both nodes)

This first step is vital because GlusterFS uses name resolution to communicate between servers and clients. As root user you write to a terminal:

:~# nano /etc/hosts

And in the file it places the information of the nodes in the following way:

192.168.1.9 gluster1.osradar.local gluster1
192.168.1.10 gluster2.osradar.local gluster2

2.- Installing GlusterFS (both nodes)

To install Gluster we need to add its repository first, to do this, in a terminal we must write:

:~# yum install centos-release-gluster

When the package installation is complete, the repository will be added and we can now install GlusterFS.

:~# yum install glusterfs-server

Once the installation is complete, we can start the service:

:~# systemctl start glusterd
:~# systemctl enable glusterd

The next thing to do is to modify the firewall settings:

:~# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="IP_ADDRESS_HERE" accept'
:~# firewall-cmd --reload

3.-Add a storage (both nodes)

Now we must prepare the second hard disk (/dev/sdb) to be used as a brick (basic storage unit in Gluster). We’ll do a partition there.

:~# fdisk /dev/sdb

To perform the process properly, write the options in this order

Command (m for help): n
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
press enter
press enter
Command (m for help): p
Command (m for help): w

now we proceed to format the partition:

:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Then we create a folder and mount the partition on it.

:~# mkdir -p /data/glusterfs
:~# mount /dev/sdb1 /data/glusterfs

We make sure that the partition is automatically mounted at system boot:

:~# echo "/dev/sdb1 /data/glusterfs ext4 defaults 0 0" | tee --append /etc/fstab

4.-Configuring GlusterFS

The next step will be on node 1. tell Gluster that node 2 is trustworthy to build the cluster itself. To do this we must execute the following command:

:~# gluster peer probe gluster2.osradar.local

And then we verify that the other node has been added correctly with these commands:

:~# gluster peer status
:~# gluster pool list

5.- Creating GlusterFS Volume

We create a folder on both nodes that will serve as the volume folder:

:~# mkdir -p /data/glusterfs/glustervolume

We now proceed to create the volume by indicating that you will use two mirrors in this case:

:~# gluster volume create glusterfsvolumne replica 2 gluster1.osradar.local:/data/glusterfs/glustervolume gluster2.osradar.local:/data/glusterfs/glustervolume

We start the volume:

:~# gluster volume start glusterfsvolumne

The installation and configuration of glusterfs on a server is now complete. We proceed to install the client on another machine.

GlusterFS client

Now it is the customer’s turn to use another CentOS 7 device with an IP address of 192.168.1.7. The other features of the device do not influence the use of the device.

We proceed to install the glusterfs-client package:

:~# yum install glusterfs-client

Once the installation is finished, we will create a folder to mount the volume.

:~# mkdir -p /mnt/glusterfsvolumne

we set up the firewall:

:~# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-rich-rule='rule family="ipv4" source address="192.168.1.7" accept'
:~# ffirewall-cmd --reload

And we mount the previously created glusterFs volume.

:~# mount -t glusterfs gluster1.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolumne /mnt/glusterfsvolumne

We checked the mounting:

df -hP /mnt/glusterfsvolumne/

we add the entry in fstab so that it is automatically mounted:

:~# echo "gluster1.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolumne /mnt/glusterfsvolumne/ glusterfs  defaults,_netdev 0 0" | tee --append /etc/fstab

Testing the replication

First of all, in the server nodes, we execute the following commands:

On the first node (gluster1.osradar.local):

:~# mount -t glusterfs gluster2.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolumne /mnt

On second node (gluster2.osradar.local):

:~# mount -t glusterfs gluster1.osradar.local:/glusterfsvolumne /mnt

On client machine:

First we create the files, and verify

:~# touch /mnt/glusterfsvolumne/filetest{1..4}
:~# ls /mnt/glusterfsvolumne

Now from node 1 we show the files created from the client.

:~# ls -l /mnt/

That concludes the article and I hope it has served you well. Remember that for everything to work, you have to be careful with the firewall and define its rules correctly.

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The post How to install and configure GlusterFS on CentOS 7? appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.