Kernel-based Virtual Machine consists of a loadable kernel module,.ko, that provides the core virtualization infrastructure and a processor specific module,for intel kvm-intel.ko or for AMD kvm-amd.ko.

Making sure your host CPU has Intel VT or AMD-V Virtualization extensions

we need to verify your CPU support for Intel VT or AMD-V Virtualization extensions. In some systems virtualization is disabled by BIOS and you may need to enable it according to your server and your system. some old servers don’t support virtualization technology so make sure from your vendor that system you are getting is having virtualization option or not to check your system is capable and enabled in BIOS for virtual environment run below command, and the output will be as per below Screen Shoot

 lscpu | grep Virtualization

Preparing your system to install KVM you need to update your freshly installed system or if it was not update for doing this you need to have root access

Sudo Su
//Enter your password
sudo yum update

 sudo dnf -y install virt-top libguestfs-tools 

Enabale and start the service as per below

sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd 

if you are using desktop GUI of your centos you can install virtual manager too as per below

 sudo yum -y install virt-manager 

Type and search for Virtual in your centos 8 search box as per below screen

click on virtual machine from this GUI you may create new virtual machine as per your requirement

The post How To Install KVM on CentOS 8 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

• Allow all websites login to your webmin GUI web based portal on the left pane click on servers here you will find squid proxy click on squid proxy you will find screen as per below image
• Click in access control Circle red

• once you click access control you will find option access control list and below screen
• Select webserver Reg Exp from drop down menu
• click on create new ACL
• It will forward you to create access control list to be allowed for websites

• as per screen below Please name your ACL in my case i Put MSN_allow Please note there should not be any space between name you may use _ instead of space
• In browser Regexp field Please enter the web address www.msn.com
• Please note don’t put http:// or https://
• your address must ends till .com or .org or .pk other webpages addresses are not required once you put web address it will allow all the web site
• you can have more than one web address per line each address should be in separate line
• Click on Save button
• Click on return to ACL

• As per below screen click on second option Proxy restriction
• click on add proxy restriction from bottom above to delete button

• select allow then select MSN_Allow
• Click Save

• You will find MSN Allow at last
• for any firewall Rule the first come first serves and rest ignored so if msn_allow is at the end it will will not work because deny all is above to when squid reach at deny all it will ignore below options to allow
• For this you have to move it up with arrows for up and down once you click up arrow it will move it to one position up if you want to move up more then press up arrow again until your settings and no any deny for www.msn.com as i moved it up to forth number

• after doing above steps come back to squid first page by clicking on return index button
• click on apply configuration
• check your website is allowed now
• if you want to deny www.msn.com do the same steps but instead of clicking allow select deny as mentioned above and move it to right position

• Here is your web access is allowed for msn.com

The post Squid Proxy allow access to some specific websites and deny all via webmin GUI appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Router OS is the operating system of Router BOARD

It can also be installed on a PC and will turn it into a router with all the necessary features routing, firewall, bandwidth management, wireless access point, back haul link, hotspot gateway, VPN server and more

In today tutorial we will use the network fail over configuration of two different network with different subnet. if Primary is failed it will automatically take position of secondary and if Primary restores, it will come back on Primary again until it fails for second time.

To download and Install Mikrotik OS Please do visit below link and documentation for installation for your purchased or trail version

https://mikrotik.com/download

After downloading and installation of router OS, you need a software to manage it which can be downloaded from above Mikrotik web named as winbox please download on your windows machine or you can use your web browser to access the web version.

once you connected with your router OS via winbox or web interface it will look like as per below both web and win box interface are same

Click on interface option on left corner it will pop up interface list as per below, Here we need to change the name of each ether net port which can be used for naming convention and better understanding

• we need three ether port one is used for Primary 2nd will be used for secondary, 3rd will be used for network access
• Double click on ether one from interface list as per above picture
• it will open interface as per below
• rename the name field in my case i kept it ether1_PTCL
• click apply
• click OK
• Repeat same steps again to rename second either port

Assigning IP Addresses

• after renaming we need to assign IP addresses to each port in order to communicate each port and output port
• in your left pane of winbox or web interface you will get option IP –> addresses click on addresses it will show you screen as per below picture
• Click on + sign to add IP address eg 172.10.20.2/31
• choose interface name in my case it is ether1_PTCL
• click Apply and OK
• repeat the steps for Secondary interface and 3rd local network IP address
• in my case i put local interface ip address 10.10.10.1/24

Configuring Routes

• Move back to winbox menu pan and select IP –> Routes as per below screen
• Click on + Sign as per below Screen to assign route of network
• Put the gateway of your ipaddress given by your ISP or your network design eg 172.10.23.1
• once you click on apply it will show you reachable ether1_PTCL
• click OK
• repeat the above step for secondary ether port

Firewall Policy

• Firewall policy need to set because you had to allow your traffic to come in and out
• click on IP —> Firewall as per below screen shoot
• click on NAT Network Address translation

• as per below screen select chain as srcnat
• out interface ether1_PTCL. change as per your name given in start

• click on action inside your nat rule and select action type as masquerade
• click apply and OK
• repeat the step for secondary network

• To add script you need to click on system —> Scripts
• Click on + Sign
• add the below script change the ip address to 8.8.8.8 or what ever you want to
• for better understanding of below code first line will ping your ip 8.8.8.8 and if its is reachable it will enable firwall rule number 2 and disable firewall rule 0 which we created above then it will enable route 1 and disbale route 0 it will check for delay of 15 seconds and enable route 0
• else it will enable firewall rule 0 disable firewall rule 1

 if ([/ping 172.17.15.8 count=4] = 0) do={
 /ip firewall nat enable 2 ;
 /ip firewall nat disable 0 ;
 /ip route enable 1 ;
 /ip route disable 0 ;
 :delay 15s
 /ip route enable 0 ; 
 } else={
 /ip firewall nat enable 0 ;
 /ip firewall nat disable 2 ;
 /ip route disable 1;
 } 

name the script as i named enable _PTCL_Zong the above name will be used in scheduler below

click apply and OK

Make a schedule to run script for fail over

on the left pan of your winbox you will find option systems —> and scheduler

• it will open as per below shoot
• enter the name of your schedule for your convenience
• enter start date
• start time as startup when ever the router boot or reboot it will run this schedule for first time
• interval time as per your own desire in my case i put 10 seconds to check if network comes back shift it back to primary or if not then leave for secondary
• on even field you have to specify the name of script created above in my case it is

• restart you router OS via System —> reboot
• after restart you can see ether_zong is showing disabled and it set back to primary remove network from ether1_PTCL and check it will disable Primary and active secondary

The post Configuring Network fail-over Redundancy with MikroTik’s Router OS appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

By default freepbx does not have this functionality and it requires some extra modules to attach below are steps to add modules from github repository, queue Module and ring group need to add to your current freepbx

Queue Module download Please download from below Link zip file.

https://github.com/FreePBX/queues/archive/release/14.0.zip

Ring Group Module download, Please download from below Link zip file.

https://github.com/FreePBX/ringgroups/archive/release/14.0.zip

Log in to your freePBX web system click on admin and sub menu Module admin as per below Picture

• Upload the downloaded files above by selecting upload from hard disk then choose file location for module of queue
• Repeat the step for ring group module

• Once both module uploaded click on manage local module to verify that modules imported properly

• Click on application from freepbx interface and click on ring group
• Add the ring group number eg 200
• Add group description eg. All IT agents
• Click on user quick select select the extension you want to add in ring group
• Click in submit button at the bottom right corner of the page

• After doing above steps a ring group will be added as per below picture

• Click on applications and then queues module
• Click on add queue button

• Input the queue extension number
• Enter Queue Name
• Scroll down to the end of page

• In fail over Destination select ring group and select 200 All IT agent which we had created above in ring group
• Click on submit

• In your free pbx web GUI click on apply config uper right corner
• Your ring group and queue is setup
• Now if any one calls then the call will go to queue if not entertained will go for ring group and ring on all extension in ring group

Please See How to install FusionPBX on Ubuntu 18.04

The post How to add queues and ring Group Freepbx 16 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

It provides unlimited extensions, voicemail-to-email, music on hold, call parking, call center, call queues, phone provisioning and many other features. It provides the functionality your business needs and brings corporate level phone system features to small, medium and large businesses.

we need root rights to install libraries and fusionpbx webgui

• for this we had to run command sudo su
• Enter your password
• apt update -y
• apt upgrade

Install below Libs to prepare your server for fusion pbx

apt install -y git subversion build-essential autoconf automake libtool libcurses5 libncurses5-dev make libjpeg-dev libtool-bin libsqlite3-dev libpcre3-dev libspeexdsp-dev libldns-dev libedit-dev yasm liblua5.2-dev libopus-dev cmake

apt install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libexpat1-dev libgnutls28-dev libtiff5-dev libx11-dev unixdbc-dev libssl-dev python-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev libogg-dev libvorbis-dev libperl-dev libgdbm-dev libdb-dev uuid-dev libsndfile1-dev

apt install cmake

cd /usr/src
git clone https://github.com/signalwire/libks.git

cd libks

make

make install

Download the fusionpbx source zip file from github to use in ubuntu

wget https://github.com/fusionpbx/fusionpbx-install.sh/archive/master.zip

unzip the already downloaded zip file and destination folder name will be fusionpbx this folder will be available under downloads folder

unzip master.zip -d fusionpbx

Grant permission to already unzipped folder so we can install with all necessary permissions.

Move to the folder destination with command CD as per below

chmod 477 fusionpbx
cd fusionpbx/fusionpbx-install.sh-master/ubuntu

when you already moved to the exact directory run below command to install and configure fusionpbx

sudo ./install.sh

once the instalation is finshed it will show you username and password for your webgui along with ip address copy and place the information with you on safe place

use your browser and put the ip address of your fusionpbx along with username and password.

The post How to install FusionPBX on Ubuntu 18.04 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Symantec End Point Manager server install is only supported on Windows Servers. Client version created with SEPM can be installed on Linux computers and servers as manged and un-manged version

Checking version and kernel compatibility

You can install an UN-managed or managed Symantec Endpoint Protection client directly on a Linux computer. You cannot deploy the Linux client from Symantec Endpoint Protection Manager remotely. The installation steps are similar whether the client is UN-managed or managed, for this scenario we need to check first the compatibility of kernel version Please check below for supported kernel versions for your Linux Operating system

For version and kernel compatibility Please visit Symantec official visit

https://support.symantec.com/us/en/article.info3983.html

Steps Installing Symantec End Point Client on Ubuntu 19.04 LTS

For starting we need to check the prerequisites and you should be running as root user authentication and java jre 1.5 or above

which java version you have installed you had to write which java

 which java

if no any java is installed then it will not show you any info use below command to install java

 sudo apt-get install default-jre 

• Once you finished with installing above prerequisites
• Copy the Symantec End Point protection to your computer it usually packed in zip file
• Next we had to unzip the file use below command
• unzip (yourzipfile foldername.zip) -d (destination folder name)

 unzip sep.zip -d seppkg

• once you successfully unzip the folder move to that folder in my case it is seppkg

 cd seppkg

• By default your install.sh permissions are not allowed to install so you should use chmod Either you can use chmod 744 or chmod u+x

 chmod 744 ./install.sh

Or

 chmod u+x install.sh  

• Run Below command to run setup

 sudo ./install.sh 

• Insert your password if it ask if you are root user it may not to ask for password

• Now it is installing Symantec end point protection on your Linux machine

• Setup is completed as per below and a yellow Symantec icon appears in you task bar
• Right click on yellow icon and click on open Symantec end point protection

The post How to Install Symantec Endpoint Protection Client 14 on Ubuntu 19.04 LTS appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

Log in to your freePBX GUI PHP Interface with your ipaddress and credential

• Click on Application and click on extensions

• Click on Quick Extension

• Fill your desired Ext # as i put 1122
• Fill your Display Name as i put Shahid
• Fill your email address as this email address will be used if you need to get notified on email for voice mail
• click on Next

• If you wish to enable voicemail then click yes else you may click no default is Yes
• Put your mailbox password
• Click on finish and your extension is created

• Go to search box and put the recent created ext number so you can find it easily
• click on edit in action pane

• change the password if you wish to change else copy the password for use as ext authentication later
• click in submit
• click in apply config

Till these steps you had created a extension successfully and now you had to download and install zoiper soft phone from web download as per you client Operating system

https://www.zoiper.com/en/voip-softphone/download/current

After downloading and installation of zoiper which is pretty easy to install as other applications.

• Run zoiper from your Operating System
• put your extension number as i created 1122
• put the password you changed above or the one you copied random password above
• click on login

• Here you had to specify the sip address of your sip server ipaddress or name of the server along with port number if its default settings so your default port will be 5060
• In my case my ip and port number 172.17.15.2:5060
• Click on next

• If you are using proxy server from you client end to connect the freepbx server you had to specify the proxy authentication else skip that step by clicking on skip

• Your sip by default using UDP and if its green so means you are able to connect your server else check the internet connection or correct it by opening port on your router if any
• If its green go ahead and click on next

• Click cross near to accounts to go back to you zoiper dial phone

• Put your desired extension and click on Dial

• Its all done call is in progress after hangup from other soft phone extension or hard phone

The post How to create Extension and connect Soft Phone with FreePBX GUI appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

• Before starting your pre-installed with ” Windows 10 OS” or an older version of such as Windows 8.1 or 8.

•  you should first install Microsoft Windows and then proceed with Ubuntu installation.
•  Windows installation steps, you should allocate a free space on the disk with at least 20 GB in size for use it later as a partition for the “ Ubuntu 19.04 ” installation.

Requirements:

Download Ubuntu 19.04,Ubuntu 18.10, or Ubuntu

• Following Link for Downloading Ubuntu versions:

Select your required version of Ubuntu

• Ubuntu 19.04,
• Ubuntu 18.10,

 Select Download Option and also Ubuntu Desktop 19.04

Desktop image

            The desktop image allows you to try Ubuntu without changing your computer at all, and at your option to install it permanently later. This type of image is what most people will want to use.

Step 1: Create a live USB/disk of Ubuntu

Step 2: Make a partition where Ubuntu will be installed

            Lets assuming you have a fresh system, first, we need to make a partition to install    Linux(Ubuntu 19.04).

          If you have just one partition like this, you need to make some free space out of it for Linux(Ubuntu    19.04). If you have several partitions of considerable size, use any of them except C drive because it may erase the data.

            To make a partition in Windows 10, go to the Disk Management tool.

            In the Disk Management tool, right-click on the drive which you want to partition and select “shrink volume “. In my case, I shrank the C drive to make some free space:

Step 3: Install Ubuntu with Windows Dual-Boot

• The purpose of this article, We will be installing Ubuntu 19.04  with Windows dual boot (you can use any Ubuntu release fro installation).
• Create a bootable USB stick using a utility such as “Universal USB Installer” (BIOS compatible) or any utility software you know.
• Place the USB stick or DVD in the drive, reboot the machine and instruct the ”BIOS/UEFI” to boot-up from the DVD/USB by pressing a special function key (usually F12, F10 or F2 depending machine specifications).

• Install Ubuntu

 Choose the language you wish to perform the installation and click on Continue button 

 choose the first option “Normal Installation” and hit on Continue button

 choose the first option “Something” and hit on Continue button

• Create a partition for Ubuntu. We recommend that you create two partitions, one for root and the other for home accounts data.
•  The root partition, select the free space and hit on  + icon below. On partition settings use the following configurations and hit OK to apply changes:
• Size at least 20000 MB
• Type for the new partition  Primary
• Location for the new partition  Beginning
• Use as  EXT4 journaling file system
• Mount point /

Create the home partition:

• Size  all remaining free space
• Type for the new partition Primary
• Location for the new partition Beginning
• Use as  EXT4 journaling file system
• Mount point /home

select Install Now  :

Click continue:

Adjust your machine location by selecting a city nearby from the map. When done hit Continue.

 Fill username and password for your administrative,

Enter  Your name for your computer and Continue to finalize the installation.

After the installation process reaches its end hit on the Restart Now button in order to complete the installation.

Click Restart Now :

You have Successfully Installed Ubuntu with Windows 10. Press enter and continue.

The post • How to Install Ubuntu Alongside With Windows 10 appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

What is Apache HTTP Server

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, where hypertextdocuments include hyperlinks to other resources that the user can easily access, for example by a mouse click or by tapping the screen in a web browser.

How to get installation packages

Apache server require few dependent package like

• apr
• apr-util
• pcre
• expat

Download httpd from below mentioned link

https://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi

OR

Download directly by shared links

https://www-eu.apache.org/dist//httpd/httpd-2.4.39.tar.gz

Download apr and apr util from below mentioned link

https://apr.apache.org/download.cgi

OR

Download directly by shared links
https://www-us.apache.org/dist//apr/apr-1.7.0.tar.gz
https://www-us.apache.org/dist//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

Installation

First install dependent packages

yum install expat-devel.x86_64  -y
yum install pcre-devel.x86_64  -y

Now go to the directory containing packages and extract the downloaded packages

[root@myserver2 httpd_packages]# tar -xvzf httpd-2.4.39.tar.gz

[root@myserver2 httpd_packages]# tar -xvzf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz

[root@myserver2 httpd_packages]# tar -xvzf apr-1.7.0.tar.gz

Now go to APR directory and start installing APR

[root@myserver2 apr-1.7.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

[root@myserver2 apr-1.7.0]# make
[root@myserver2 apr-1.7.0]# make install

If you will see output without errors .Congratulations you have installed apr package

Now go to APR-util directory and start installing it. You should add APR path while installation of APR util.

Syntax to include APR path is

. /configure –with-apr=path to apr directory

[root@myserver2 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/

Now run following commands

make
make install

If your output has no errors. Congratulations you have installed apr-util.

lets start with installation of Apache web-server.

First download httpd source. I am using wget to download  httpd source. You can use wget ,curl or directly download from httpd homepage.

After extracting the tar file. Go to extracted directory and configure httpd server.

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-util

After successful completion of above step. Now run the following commands to install httpd

make
make install

If every thing goes fine. configurations you have successfully installed Apache web server from source file.

Go to  /usr/local/apache/conf/ and open file httpd.conf

httpd.conf file contain all the configuration required to run httpd server.

Search for listen 80
Default port for Apache is port 80. If you want to change the port replace 80 by any available port.
like i am using Port 8080 for httpd server.

Note : You can skip below mentioned step

Go to htdocs directory and make change in index.html file and write following line in it

Congratulations you have installed Apache webserver. it is working on port 8080

How to start httpd server

Move to  /usr/local/apache/bin directory and run following command

./apachectl start

Now find the process is running use following command

ps -ef |grep httpd

you will see output like

root 11027 1 0 02:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 11028 11027 0 02:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 11029 11027 0 02:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 11030 11027 0 02:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start
root 11120 1618 0 02:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto httpd

use the below mentioned url in your browser to test httpd server

http://localhost:8080

I am using elinks browser. You can install elinks browser

Elinks

Links is a text mode WWW browser, supporting colors, table rendering, background downloading, menu driven configuration interface, tabbed browsing and slim code.Frames are supported. You can have different file formats associated with external viewers. mailto: and telnet: are supported via external clients. ELinks can handle both local files and remote URLs. The main supported remote URL protocols are HTTP, HTTPS (with SSL support compiled in) and FTP. Additional protocol support exists for BitTorrent finger, Gopher, SMB and NNTP. The homepage of ELinks can be found at http://elinks.cz where the ELinks manual is also hosted.

You you want to use elinks . Use following command

elinks http://localhost:8080

The post Guide to install Apache HTTP server manually appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.

How to get list to available Targets

[kmehmood@svn-dev ~]$ systemctl list-units --type=target

Note: Above statement will only share list of active available target

Output of above statement

How to get list of available target including inactive

[kmehmood@svn-dev ~]$ systemctl list-units --type=target --all

Note: Above statement will only share list of all available targets

There are two type of default targets
1: multi-user.target
2: graphical.target

How to find default target

[kmehmood@svn-dev ~]$ systemctl get-default
graphical.target

Output of above statement

How to change default mode
Syntax: systemctl set-default target_name

[root@svn-dev ~]# systemctl set-default multi-user.target

Confirm the default runlevel.

[root@svn-dev ~]# systemctl get-default
multi-user.target

Reboot and check it out.

[root@svn-dev ~]# reboot

we can also check target levels available

[kmehmood@svn-dev ~]$ ls /lib/systemd/system/runlevel*target -l
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel0.target -> poweroff.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel1.target -> rescue.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel2.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel3.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 17 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel4.target -> multi-user.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target -> graphical.target
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Jan 23 19:10 /lib/systemd/system/runlevel6.target -> reboot.target

output

The post Understand runlevels or targets in Linux appeared first on Linux Windows and android Tutorials.